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CLASS BOOK 


OP 


FT MEADE 
GenCol 1 


PARSING, 


CONTAINING 


A 


COMPLETE COLLECTION OF PARSING MODELS, 


AND 


A NEW AND ORIGINAL 


SYSTEM OF GRAMMATICAL NOTATION. 


<3 


1)2 a Ubart 


TIIE WHOLE DESIGNED TO BE USED IN SCHOOLS, AND BY PRIVATE 
LEARNERS, IN CONNECTION WITH ANY POPULAR 
TREATISE ON ENGLISH GRAMMAR. 


BY GEORGE YEAGER, A. M., 

PRINCIPAL OF THE LIVINGSTON GRAMMAR SCHOOL OF PHILADELPHIA. 


PHILADELPHIA: 
LIPPINCOTT, GRAMBO c CO. 



1855 . 










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CLASS BOOK 


OP 

PARSING, 

CONTAINING 


*• ( . 

' • 


A COMPLETE COLLECTION OF PAUSING MODELS, 

AND 

A NEW AND ORIGINAL 

SYSTEM OF GRAMMATICAL NOTATION. 

illustrate b g a C fart. 

THE WHOLE DESIGNED TO BE USED IN SCHOOLS, AND BY PRIVATE 
LEARNERS, IN CONNECTION WITH ANY POPULAR 
TREATISE ON ENGLISH GRAMMAR. 


V 

BY GEORGE YEAGER, A.M., 

PRINCIPAL OF THE LIVINGSTON GRAMMAR SCHOOL OF PHILADELPHIA. 




PHILADELPHIA: 
LIPPINCOTT, GRAMBO & CO 
1855 . 


H’3’' 


Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1855, by 
GEORGE YEAGER, 

in the Clerk’s Office of the District Court of the United States for the 
Eastern District of Pennsylvania. 








The peculiarity distinguishing the Class Book of Parsing 
from all other works of a similar character, is the system 
of grammatical notation. 

This system, according to the opinion of several of our 
most eminent teachers who have introduced it into their 
schools, affords a means of drilling classes in parsing far 
superior to anything of the kind hitherto employed for this 
purpose. The symbols are but thirty-one in number, and 
yet, by reason of the peculiar arrangement of the chart, 
are sufficient to designate the full syntactical parsing of 
every word in the most difficult sentential constructions. 

It should be observed, however, that parsing by symbols 
is not designed to be a substitute for any other modes of 
instruction in this invaluable, yet much neglected branch of 
study, but rather an auxiliary and a supplement to them. 
It is only after the pupil has become tolerably familiar with 
the leading elementary principles of grammar, and the full 
forms of oral and written parsing, that he should be allowed 
to prepare the lettered exercises for the inspection of his 
teacher. 


(hi) 


iv 


PREFACE. 


After a little practice, lie will be able to designate tbe full 
syntactical parsing of a dozen words or more in less time 
than is now required to parse one, even orally. And, inas- 
much as the exercises can be examined and corrected with 
still greater facility, it is hoped the system will prove, to 
both teacher and learner, a most valuable time and labor- 
saving auxiliary. By its aid the pupil will, in a few months, 
extend his knowledge of the grammar of our language to a 
degree hitherto unattainable except by years of toilsome 
study. 

Moreover, the use of symbols for parsing imparts to the 
exercise an interest that can be secured in no other way : 
even the most indolent pupil, of ordinary capacity, is at- 
tracted by the simplicity and comprehensiveness of the 
system, and is incited to greater diligence in the study of 
the principles of grammar as presented in his text-book. 

It is also hoped that the models of parsing, and the copious 
variety of sentential structure, presented in the Class Book, 
will favorably recommend it to teachers and others interested 
in the multiplication of the most efficient means of imparting 
instruction. 

Should the work be found subservient to the interests of 
his fellow-teachers in the arduous but honorable labors of 
the school-room, the author’s principal expectation will be 
fully realized. 

G. Y. 


Philadelphia, June, 1855. 


> , ' w 

CONTENTS. 

AA^AAAA/WWNAA^ 

Explanation of the System of Notation . ..*... Page 7 

Directions 14 

PART I. 

PROGRESSIVE EXERCISES. 

I. — The Article and the Subject-Nominative 17 

Lessons 1, 2. — The Common Noun 17 

3, 4. — The Proper Noun 19 

5, 6. — The Personal Pronoun 20 

II. — The Verb 21 

Lessons 7, 8. — The Transitive Verb, Active Voice, Indicative 

Mood 21 

9, 10. — The Transitive Verb, Active Voice, Indicative, 

Subjunctive, or Imperative Mood 23 

11, 12. — The Transitive Verb in the Passive Voice 25 

13, 14. — The Intransitive Verb 26 

III. — The Objective Case 28 

Lessons 15, 16. — The Objective after a Transitive Verb 28 

17, 18. — The Objective after a Preposition 29 

1Y. Lessons 19, 20. — The Possessive Case 31 

y. Agreement of Pronouns with their Antecedents 33 

Lessons 21, 22. — The Relative Pronoun 33 

23, 24. — The Compound Relative Pronoun 35 

VI. — Lessons 25, 26. — The Adjective < 37 

VII. — The Adjective Pronoun 39 

Lessons 27, 28. — The Possessive Adjective Pronoun 39 

29, 30. — The Distributive, the Demonstrative, and the 

Indefinite Adjective Pronoun 40 

VIII.— Lessons 31, 32.— The Adverb 42 

IX. — Lessons 33, 34. — Same Cases 44 

X.— Lessons 35, 36.— Apposition 46 

1 * (v) 


CONTENTS 


,vi 

XI. — Lessons 37, 38. — The Case Independent Page 48 

XII. — Lessons 39, 40. — The Case Absolute 60 

XIII. — Lessons 41, 42. — The Infinitive Mood 52 

XIV. — Lessons 43, 44. — The Participle 54 

XY. — Lessons 45, 46. — The Conjunction, and the Interjection 57 


PART II. 

CHOICE SELECTIONS FOR PARSING. 

Sec. I. — The Advantages of a thorough Education Verplanck. 59 

II. — The Love of Nature Cowper. 60 

III. — The Grasshopper ..< Cowley. 60 

IV. — The Blind Preacher Wirt. 61 

V. — The Sabbath Grahame. 63 

VI. — Ginevra Rogers. 65 

VII. — Moses smiting the Rock Van Vranhen. 66 

VIII. — The Survivors of the Battle of Bunker Hill Webster. 66 

IX. — The Spirit of Independence Smollet. 68 

X.— The Martyrs Eemans. 68 

XI. — Extract from “Religio Laid” ...... Dryden. 69 

XII. — From Collins’ Ode on the Passions 70 

XIII. — Hamlet’s Soliloquy Shakspeare. 70 

XIV. — A Winter-Scene Willis. 71 

XV. — We should Hope and Trust .. 72 

XVI. — Combat of Roderick Dhu and Fitz-James Scott. 74 

XVII. — Gesler and Tell 76 

XVIII. — Moral Greatness and Beauty superior to that which is mate- 
rial Akenside. 78 

XIX. — Extracts from Cowper’s Poems 79 

XX. — Extracts from the Essay on Man Pope. 82 

XXI. — Extracts from the Night Thoughts Young. 86 

XXII. — Extract from Paradise Lost Milton. 89 

NOTES . 101 


EXPLANATION 


OF THE 

SYSTEM OF GRAMMATICAL NOTATION. 


The marginal letters of the Chart are written over words 
to designate the classes to which they respectively belong, 
and their grammatical attributes ; and before or after them 
to indicate the words of the sentence to which they are 
syntactically related. 

I. NOTATION OF THE PARTS OF SPEECH AND THEIR 
GRAMMATICAL ATTRIBUTES. 

Capital letters, from A to R inclusive, designate the gram- 
matical attributes of nouns and pronouns ; and corresponding 
small or “ lower case” letters, those of verbs. “ Lower case” 
s is appropriated to the participle, t to the adjective, u to the 
adjective pronoun, v to the infinitive mood, w to the adverb, 
x to the preposition, y to the conjunction, and z to the inter- 
jection. 

The notation letters of nouns, when followed by a period 
or note of interrogation ( ? ), designate the attributes of pro- 
nouns. 

The different classes of nouns, pronouns, verbs, etc., are 

( 7 ) 


8 


CLASS BOOK OF PARSING. 


distinguished from each other by a variation of the form* 
of the appropriate notation letters. 

These peculiarities of the system will be readily under- 
stood from the subjoined explanations and examples. 

1. NOTATION OF THE NOUN. 

§ 1 . — Roman Capitals are written over common nouns to 
designate their grammatical attributes. 

EXAMPLE. 

“ Cold blows the wind.” 

Here the Q over “ wind” designates it as a noun, common, of the 
neuter gender, third person, singular number, and in the nominative 
case. 

§ 2. — Italic Capitals designate the attributes of proper 
nouns . 

EXAMPLE. 

Q 

“ London is a great city.” 

The Italic Q designates “ London” as a noun, proper, of the neuter 
gender, third person, singular number, and in the nominative case. 

Note on the Common Gender. — Such nouns as animal, parent, etc., 
usually said to be of the common gender, in particular connections, ex- 
press only one sex ; in such cases, they should be parsed as masculine 
or feminine, according to the context. 

Nouns and pronouns, designating both sexes, or equally applicable 
to either, should be marked as masculine. f 

* The notation letters are printed in four different kinds of type, 
which are readily distinguished from each other : r— 1st, the Roman 
Capital, as A, B, C ; 2d, the Italic Capital, as A. B, C ; 3d, the Roman 
“lower case,” as a, b, c ; and 4th, the Italic “lower case,” as a, b, c . — 
In a written exercise, the capitals should be printed with the pen, and 
the Italics should have a line drawn beneath them. 

f “ Those terms which are equally applicable to both sexes, (if they 
are not expressly applied to females,) and those plurals which are known 




EXPLANATION OP THE SYSTEM OF NOTATION. 9 

2. NOTATION OF THE PRONOUN. 

§ 1* Roman Capitals , followed by a period, designate the 
attributes of personal pronouns. 

EXAMPLE. 

“It is finished.” 

“ IP 7 is marked as a personal pronoun, of the neuter gender, third 
person, singular number, and in the nominative case. 

§ 2. — Italic Capitals , followed by a period, designate the 
attributes of relative pronouns. 

EXAMPLE. 

Q. 

“ The book, which is on the table.” 

The Italic Q, followed by a period, designates “ which” as a relative 
pronoun, of the neuter gender, third person, singular number, and in 
the nominative case. 

§ 3. — Roman Capitals , followed by a ( ? ), designate the 
attributes of interrogative pronouns, 

EXAMPLE. 

QT 

“What causes tnis delay?” 

“What” is marked as an interrogative pronoun, of the neuter gender, 
third person, singular number, and in the nominative case. 

Note on the Cases of Nouns and Pronouns. — The possessive and 
objective cases are distinguished from the nominative, by affixing to the 
notation symbol of the latter the marks ( / ) and ( //f ), which are read 
prime and second. (See the Chart.) Thus, Q', read Q prime, designates 
a noun, common, of the neuter gender, third person, singular number, 
and in the possessive case ; and Q 7/ , read Q second, designates a noun, 
common, of the neuter gender, third person, singular number, and in 
the objective case. 


to include both sexes, should be called masculine in parsing ; for, in all 
languages, the masculine gender is considered the most worthy, and is 
generally employed when both sexes are included under one common 
term.” — Goold Brown's Grammar of English Grammars, p. 245. 


10 


CLASS BOOK OF PARSING. 

3. NOTATION OF THE VERB. 

“ Lower Case” letters from a to r , followed by i for the 
indicative mood, s for the subjunctive, p for the potential, 
and m for the imperative, are written over verbs to designate 
their attributes. 

§ 1. — Roman “lower case” letters designate the attributes 
of transitive verbs in the active voice . 

/ 

EXAMPLE. 

fi 

“ Henry wrote a letter.” 

“Wrote” is marked as & transitive verb, in the active voice, indicative 

mood, past tense, third person, and singular number. 

' 

§ 2. — Italic “lower case” letters designate the attributes 
of transitive verbs in the passive voice . 

EXAMPLE. 

fi 

“ The letter was written by Henry.” 

“Was written” is marked as a transitive verb, in the passive voice, 
indicative mood, past tense, third person, and singular number. 

§ 3. — Roman “lower case” letters, followed by a period, 
designate the attributes of intransitive verbs . 

EXAMPLE. 

fi. 

“ Henry arrived yesterday.” 

“ Arrived” is marked as an intransitive verb, in the indicative mood, 
&c. 

Note on the Verb. — The plural number of a verb always adds the 
mark (') to the symbol of the singular. (See the Chart.) 

i. ' ’ ' ’ 

4. NOTATION OF THE PARTICIPLE. 

“ Lower case” 8 is employed to designate the attributes 
of participles. 


EXPLANATION OP THE SYSTEM OF NOTATION. 11 

§ 1. — Roman “ lower case” s designates the attributes of 
participles derived from transitive verbs, in the active voice . 

EXAMPLE. 

s 

“I saw four angels, holding the four winds.” — Rev. 7 : 1. 

“ Holding” is marked by the Roman s as a present participle, active , 
from the transitive verb to hold. 

§ 2. — Italic “ lower case” s designates the attributes of 
participles derived from transitive verbs, in the passive voice . 

example. 

s 

“Noah, being warned of God, prepared an ark.” — Heb. 
11:7. 

The Italic s designates “ being warned” as a present participle, passive, 
from the transitive verb to warn. 

§ 3. — Roman “ lower case” s, followed by a period, desig- 
nates a participle derived from an intransitive verb. 

example. 

“ He findeth them sleeping.” — Mark 14 : 37. 

The Roman s, followed by a period, designates “ sleeping” as a pre- 
sent participle, from the intransitive verb to sleep. 

Note on the Participle. — The perfect, and compound perfect partici- 
ples, are distinguished from the present, by adding the mark ( / ) or (") 
to the symbol of the latter. (See the Chart.) 

5. NOTATION OF THE ADJECTIVE. 

Roman “lower case” t designates an adjective in the 
positive degree, t' in the comparative, and t" in the superla- 
tive. An adiective not compared is also designated by t. 
(See Lesson 25, p. 37.) 


12 CLASS BOOK OF PARSING. 

6. NOTATION OF THE ADJECTIVE PRONOUN. 

Roman “ lower case” u designates the possessive adjective 
pronoun, u' the distributive, u" the demonstrative, and u'" 
the indefinite. 

Note on the Possessive Adjective Pronoun. — To distinguish the 
gender, number, and person, of a possessive adjective pronoun, we 
prefix to the u the letter designating the corresponding possessive case 
of the personal pronouns, omitting the period, and the mark ( y ). Thus, 
his and its are respectively designated by Eu and Qu. Their , being 
masculine, feminine, or neuter, according to circumstances, is desig- 
nated by Fu, Lu, or Ru. (See Lesson 27, p. 39.) 

7. NOTATION OF THE INFINITIVE MOOD. 

“ Lower case” v is appropriated to verbs in the infinitive 
mood. The method of notation employed for this mood will 
be readily understood from the following examples. 

V 

1. “ I was anxious to see you.” 

Roman v designates a transitive verb, active , in the infinitive mood, 
present tense. 

V 

2. “ He is to be punished next week.” 

The Italic v designates “ to be punished” as a transitive verb, in the 
passive voice, infinitive mood, and present tense. 

V. 

3. “ They are prepared to go.” 

The Roman v, followed by a period, designates “ to go” as an intran- 
sitive verb, in the infinitive mood, present tense. 

Note on the Infinitive. — The perfect tense of the infinitive is dis- 
tinguished from the present, by affixing the mark ( / ) to the symbol of 
the latter. (See the Chart.) 

8. NOTATION OF THE ADVERB. 

Roman “ lower case” w designates an adverb in the posi- 
tive degree, w' in the comparative, and w" in the superlative. 
An adverb not compared is also designated by w. (See 
Lesson 31, p. 42.) 


EXPLANATION OF THE SYSTEM OF NOTATION. 13 

9. NOTATION OF THE PREPOSITION, THE CONJUNCTION, 
AND THE INTERJECTION. 

“ Lower case” x designates the preposition, y the conjunc- 
tion, and z the interjection. (See the Chart, and Lesson 45, 
p. 57.) 

Note. — No letters are needed to mark the articles, inasmuch as they 
are readily distinguished by their forms. 

II. NOTATION OF SYNTACTICAL RELATIONS. 

In this system of grammatical notation, we write before 
or after a word the letters which are employed to designate 
the attributes of those words to which it is syntactically re- 
lated. 

EXAMPLE. 

“The Q hook ci - Q is ci on Q " the Q " x table.” 

Explanation. — The Q written immediately after the shows it to be- 
long to book, a word whose grammatical attributes are designated by 
this letter placed over it. The letters ci. after book point to the verb is. 
Q before is points back to its subject. Q 7/ after on shows that it governs 
table in the objective case, and ci. before it refers back to is. Q // after 
the shows it to belong to table. The x before table shows it to be go- 
verned by the preposition 

In order to see what is expressed by Q, ci., x, and Q // , the pupil is 
referred to the Chart and the previous explanations. 


: \ 


2 


i 


DIRECTIONS 


FOR EMPLOYING 


THE SYSTEM OF NOTATION. 


1. Write the words to be parsed, at the distance of 
half or three-fourths of an inch from each other, thus re- 
serving between them space sufficient for prefixing or affixing 
the letters indicating their syntactical relations. 

2. Parse each word mentally, determine the notation 
symbol by referring to the chart, and write it over the word, 
being careful to observe the instructions given under the 
appropriate heading in the explanation of the system of 
notation. 

EXAMPLE 1. 

Q ci. x Q" 

The book is on the table. 

Explanation. — 1. The is a definite article, and is sufficiently indi- 
cated by its form. (See note, p. 13.) 

2. Boole is a noun, of the neuter gender, third person, singular num- 
ber, and nominative case. Q, therefore, must be written over it. (See 
the Chart.) It is a common noun ; we should, therefore, use the Roman 
Q. (See Notation of the Noun, § 1, p. 8.) 

3. Is is a verb, in the present tense, third person, and singular num- 
ber. It is, therefore, designated by the “lower case” letter c. (See the 
Chart.) It is in the indicative mood, and i, therefore, must follow the c. 
(See Notation of the Verb, p. 10.) It is intransitive, and, therefore, 
requires for its designation, Roman “ lower case” letters, followed by a 
period. (See Notation of the Verb, §3, p. 10.) 

4. On is a preposition; x, therefore, is written over it. (See the 
Chart.) 

5. The is a definite article. (See Expl. 1.) 

6. Table is a noun of the neuter gender, third person, singular num- 
ber, and in the objective case. Q" designates it. (See the Chart.) It 
is a common noun, and, therefore, requires the Roman Q". (See Nota- 
tion of the Noun, g 1, p. 8.) 


i •*.. V 

DIRECTIONS FOR THE SYSTEM OF NOTATION. 15 
EXAMPLE 2. 

Q" y Q" ai A. u'" 

Silver and gold have I none. 

Explanations. — 1. Silver and gold are nouns, common, of the neuter 
gender, third person, singular number, and in the objective case. The 
Roman Q 7/ must, therefore, be written over them. (See the Chart, and 
Notation of the Noun, g 1, p. 8.) 

2. And is a conjunction, and is designated by the “ lower case” y. 
(See the Chart.) 

3. Have is a verb, in the present tense, first person, and singular 
number ; a, therefore, must be written over it. (See the Chart.) It is 
in the indicative mood ; i, therefore, follows the a. (See Notation of 
the Verb, p. 10.) It is a transitive verb, in the active voice, and, there- 
fore, requires Roman “ lower case” letters. (See Notation of the Verb, 
*1, P* io.) 

4. I is a personal pronoun, of the masculine gender, first person, 
singular number, and in the nominative case. Roman A, followed by a 
period, is, therefore, written over it. (See the Chart, and Notation of 
the Pronoun, § 1, p. 9.) 

5. “Lower case” u designates none as an indefinite adjective pro- 
noun. (See Notation of the Adjective Pronoun, p. 12.) 

3. Then prefix or affix to each word the letters designating 
the attributes of the words to which, it is related. 

EXAMPLE 1. r 

Q ci. x Q'' 

The Q book cL Q is ci, on Q " the Q " x table. 

Explanations. — 1. The belongs to hook. Therefore, affix to it the Q 
designating the attributes of the noun hook , to which it is related. 

2. Book is in the nominative case to the verb is. Therefore, affix to 
it the symbol ci., which designates the attributes of the verb. 

3. Is agrees with hook; write Q before it. 

4. On shows the relation nf table to is. Therefore, ci., designating 
is, must be prefixed, and Q", designating table, must be affixed to it. 

5. The belongs to table; affix Q // to it. 

6. Table is governed by on; write the x before it. 


16 


CLASS BOOK OP PARSING. 


(ai Silver Q "and Q " 


EXAMPLE 2. 

(ai gold (A have I" 5 none. Q,/) & ^ 


Explanations. — L Silver is governed by the verb have; therefore, 
prefix to it ai, the symbol of the verb, and, to show that the verb follows 
the objective, draw a eurve opening to the right before this prefixed 
symbol. 

2. And connects silver and gold; therefore, write Q // , the symbol of 
silver, before it, and Q", the symbol of gold, after it. 

3. Gold is governed by have. (See Exp. 1.) 

4. Have agrees with I; therefore, prefix to it the symbol A. of the 
nominative, and, to show that the latter follows the verb, draw a curve 
opening to the right before the prefixed symbol. 

5. I is in the nominative case to the verb have; therefore, affix to it 
ai, the symbol of the verb, and, to show that the verb precedes its sub- 
ject, draw a curve opening to the left after the affixed symbol. 

0. None belongs to silver and gold; therefore, affix to it Q /7 , the sym- 
bol of the former, and Q", that of the latter. The method of applying 
the curves, and their use in the system of notation, will be understood 
from the foregoing explanations. 


CLASS BOOK OF PARSING. 

f . ' . 



PART I. 

PROGRESSIVE EXERCISES. 

I. THE ARTICLE AND THE SUBJECT-NOMINATIVE. 
LESSON 1. — (On the Common Noun.) 

(See Notation of the Noun, $ 1, p. 8.) 

Parse the lettered words in full , first orally , and then as a 
written exercise . 

MODEL. 

E 

1. A E good boy studies diligently. 

A is an indefinite article, and belongs to boy ; according to Rule I., 
which says, “An article belongs to the noun which it limits.” — 
The syntactical reading is — a boy. (The connection is shown by 
writing E, the indication letter of the noun boy , after the article.) 
Boy is a common noun of the masculine gender, third person, singular 
number, and nominative case : and is nominative to the verb stu- 
dies ; according to Rule II., which says, “The subject of a verb is 
in the nominative case.” — The syntactical .reading is — boy studies. 
Note. — In this and the subsequent lessons on the article and the 
subject-nominative, the verb is printed in Italics. 

f # k 

2. The F men have departed. — 3. His mother commended 

L 

him. — 4. The L girls were gathering flowers. — 5. Up yonder 

Q .Q 

hill the Q village murmur rose. — 6. May that time never 

Q 

come! — 7. Through danger safety comes — through trouble 
2 * (17) 


18 


CLASS BOOK OF PARSING. 


rest. — 8. Cold are the R blasts of winter. — 9. Of a new 

R 

truth, then flashed on his mind the R first gleams. 

R # Q 

10. Wide flush the R fields ; the Q softening air is balm ; 

R Q 

Echo the R mountains round; the Q forest smiles ; 

Q Q 

And every sense, and every heart is joy. 
Explanation. — In Example 7, rest is nominative to the verb comes 
understood. 

LESSON 2. — (On the same.) 

Mark the subject-nominative in each of the following sentences . 

Note. — The subject of a declarative sentence may be ascertained by 
putting who , which or what before the verb ; the answer to the question 
thus formed is the subject or nominative. Thus, “ Time flies. ” What 
“flies?” Ans. — “Time.” “ Time,” therefore, is the subject. Inter- 
rogative sentences may be rendered declarative by transposition ; the 
subject may then be found as before. 

1. The watchman forgets the hour in slumber. — 2. The 
boys are industrious. — 8. Your aunt is coming. — 4. Your 
sisters are here. — 5. Angels from friendship gather half 
their joy. — 6. The soul is immortal. — T. Virtue is its own 
reward. — 8. At the bottom of the garden ran a little rivulet. 
— 9. Sensitiveness to the approbation of virtuous men, is 
laudable. — 10. Is your memory retentive ? — 11. The hea- 
vens, also, declare the glory of the Lord. — 12. Sweet are 
the uses of adversity. 

13. The green blade of the ground 
Has risen , and herds have cropped it ; the young twig 
Has spread its plaited tissues to the sun ; 

Flowers of the garden and the waste have blown , 

And withered ; seeds have fallen upon the soil 
From bursting cells, and in their graves await 
Their resurrection. 


PROGRESSIVE EXERCISES. 


19 




LESSON 3. — (On the Proper Noun.) 

(See Notation of the Noun, g 2, p. 8.) 

Parse the lettered words in full . 


model. 


e 

1. Charles is striving to excel. 

Charles is a proper noun, of the masculine gender, third person, singu- 
lar number, and nominative case : and is nominative to the verb is 
striving; according to Rule II., which says, “The subject of a verb 
is in the nominative case.”— The syntactical reading is — Charles is 
striving. 

E t E 

2. William has been 'promoted . — 3. Washington was the 


father of his country. — 4. Socrates was accused of impiety. 

F K 

— 5, The* 1 Jews crucified the Saviour. — 6. Elizabeth was 

Q 

Queen of England. — 7. New York is a great city. — 8. The* 

R 

Andes are the highest mountains of South America. 


Explanations. — In Examples 5 and 8, Jews and Andes are nouns, 
proper, of the plural number.* 


LESSON 4.— (On the same.) 

Mark the subject in each sentence . 

1. Lafayette was the bosom friend of Washington. — 2. 
Jesus called his hearers to repentance, but Mahomet to con- 
quest. — 3. Joy has her tears, and Transport has her death. 
— 4. Rome was once mistress of the world. — 5. The Athe- 
nians were wholly given to idolatry. — 6. The Azores belong 
to Portugal. 

* “ The particular names of nations, ranges of mountains, and groups 
of islands, are generally classed with proper nouns.” — (Wells’ Grammar, 
p. 50.) “ They are commonly of the plural number.” — (Goold Brown’s 
Grammar of English Grammars, p. 235.) 






20 CLASS BOOK OP PARSING. 

7. Has Nature in her calm majestic march 
Faltered with age at last ; does the bright sun 
Grow dim in heaven : or, in their fair blue arch, 
Sparkle the crowd of stars, when day is done , 

Less brightly? 

Explanations. — In Example 2, Mahomet is nominative to called 
understood. 

In Ex. 3 and 7, Joy , Transport, and Nature, are proper nouns, of 
the feminine gender, by personification. 

In Ex. 5 and 6, Athenians and Azores are proper nouns of the plural 
number. 


LESSON 5. — (On the Personal Pronoun.) 

(See Notation of the Pronoun, \ 1, p. 9.) 

Parse the lettered words in full. 

MODEL. 

A. ^ 

1. I have received the letter. 

Jis a personal pronoun, of the masculine gender,* first person, singu- 
lar number, and nominative case : and is nominative to the verb have 
received; according to Rule II., which says, “The subject of a verb 
is in the nominative case.” — The syntactical reading is — I have re- 
ceived. > 

a. < d. c. 

2. I am the vine, and ye are the branches. — 3. Thou art 

e. . Q 

forever the same. — 4. He is the freeman, whom the Q truth 

k. 

makes free. — 5. There, then, had she found a grave. — 6. 

B. Q. F 

Why stand we here idle ? — 7. What is it that gentlemen 

F. 

wish ? what would they have ? 

* The personal pronouns of the first or second person, may be consi- 
dered masculine, whenever their gender cannot be determined from the 
context. (See Note on the Common Gender, p. 8.) 


PROGRESSIVE EXERCISES. 


21 


D. . E. Q. 

8. u Hark ye,” said he, “ t’ is an odd story this, 

A. Q. 

9. About the crows !” — “I do n’t know what it is” 

E 

Replied his friend. 


LESSON 6. — (On the same.) 

Mark the subject . 

1. I prefer friendship to richest — 2. Surely thou wilt slay 
the wicked ? — 8. What makes he there ? — 4. What doth she 
behold ! — 5. Has it come to this ? — 6. Shall we die tamely ? 
— 7. Will ye also depart ? — 8. Were they so infatuated ! 

9. There is no other land like thee, 

No dearer shore ; 

Thou art the shelter of the free, 

The home, the port of liberty, 

Thou hast been , and shalt ever be , 

Till time is o’er. 

Ere I forget to think upon 

My land, shall mother curse the son she bore . 


II. THE VERB. 

LESSON 7. — (On the Transitive Verb in the Active 
Voice, Indicative Mood.) 

Parse the lettered words in full . 

(See Notation of the Verb, § 1, p. 10.) 

MODEL. 

A. ai 

1. I ai A commend your diligence. 

I .... is a personal pronoun, &c.— (Parse it in full.) 

Commend is a transitive verb, regular, (pres., commend; past, com- 
mended; perf. participle, commended ), in the active voice, indicative 


22 


CLASS BOOK OF PARSING. 


mood, present tense, first person, and singular number, agreeing 
with its nominative /, according to Rule III., which says, “ A verb 
agrees with its nominative case in number and person.” — The 
syntactical reading is — I commend. 

ai A. E. 

2. Much danger {k do I ai) undergo for thee. — 3. He fi E said, 

bi C. B. a'i 

how much (C owest thou bi) my lord? — 4. We 8 ' 1 B admire your 

D. -e'i F. fi 

sincerity. — 5. Him ye 6 ' 1 D slew. — 6. They fi F acknowledged 

C. h i . . F. 

their error. — T. Thou hi c hast injured thy friend. — 8. They 1 ' 1 

l'i . Q 

F had accomplished their design. — 9. The Q calm shade 01 

oi 

Q shall bring a kindred calm. 

E ci 

10. Man ci E hath no part in all this glorious work ; 

Q ii 

The Q hand"’ u ; & 11 that built the firmament, Q hath heaved 

v ii ii 

And Smoothed these verdant swells, and Q sown these 
slopes 

With herbage. 

Explanations. — In Ex. 2, the auxiliary is separated from the princi- 
pal verb. The symbol is written over the auxiliary only, and both 
words are italicised to show that they constitute but one part of speech. 
For the use of the curves in Ex. 2 and 3, see p. 16. 


LESSON 8. — (On the same.) 

Mark the subjects and the verbs. 

1. I thank you, Hubert. — 2. The prodigal robs his heir, 
the miser robs himself. — 3. His words do take possession 
of my bosom. — 4. The plague undid in a few weeks the 
work of years. — 5. Alas ! I then have chid away my friend. 
— 6. No hive hast thou of hoarded sweets. — T. Ye shall 
seek me, and shall not find me. 




PROGRESSIVE EXERCISES. 


23 


8. When Freedom, from her mountain height, 

Unfurl’d her standard to the air, 

She tore the azure robe of night, 

And set the stars of glory there ; 

She mingled with the gorgeous dyes 
The milky baldric of the skies, 

And striped its pure celestial white 
With streakings of the morning light; 

Then from his mansion in the sun 
She called her eagle-bearer down, 

And gave into his mighty hand 
The symbol of her chosen land. 

LESSON 9. — (On the Transitive Verb, in the Active 

Voice, Subjunctive, Potential, or Imperative Mood.) 

Parse the lettered words in full. 

MODEL. 

Is E. . A. jp 

1. (K Had he k) assisted me, I jp A should have completed it. 

Had assisted is a transitive verb, regular, (present, assist; past, assisted; 
perfect participle, assisted), in the active voice, subjunctive mood, 
pluperfect tense, third person, and singular number, agreeing with 
its nominative he, according to Rule III., which says, “A verb 
agrees with its nominative case in number and person.” — The 
syntactical reading is — had he assisted. 

Should have completed is a transitive verb, regular, (present, complete; 
past, completed; perfect participle, completed), in the potential 
mood, pluperfect tense, first person, and singular number, agreeing 
with I, according to Rule III. (Repeat it.) — The syntactical reading 
is — I should have completed. 

Note. — The other lettered words are parsed as in previous models. 

bm 

2. Forgive me. 

Forgive is a transitive verb, irregular, (present, forgive; past, forgave ; 
perfect participle, forgiven), in the imperative mood, second person, 
and singular number, agreeing with thou understood, according to 
Rule III. (Repeat it.) — The syntactical reading ia— forgive thou. 


24 


CLASS BOOK OF PARSING. 


E. cs bm D. 

3. If he cs ^acknowledge his fault, forgive him. — 4. You e ' p 

e'p jp A. 

D, should study diligently. — 5. (A Should I jp) not have aided 

bm bm 

my friends ? — 6. Hold thy peace. — 7. Fear God. 

Is Q. 

8. {Ql Had it ls) pleased Heaven 

Is E. 

To try me with affliction ; (E had he ls) rained 
All kinds of sores, and shames, on my bare head ; 

is 

E Steeped me in poverty to the very lips ; 

Is 

K Given to captivity me and my utmost hopes ; 

A. jp 

I JP A should have found in some part of my soul 
A drop of patience. 

Explanations. — In Ex. 8, had is understood before steeped and 
given. 

LESSON 10. — (On the same.) 

Mark the subjects and verbs . 

1. If ye love me, keep my commandments. — 2. 0, if I 
could, what grief should I forget ! — 3. Must I thus leave 
thee, Paradise ! — 4. It would have much amazed you. — 5. 
Heat me these irons hot. — 6. Angels and ministers of grace, 
defend us ! 

7. Had you such a loss as I, 

I could give better comfort than you do. 

8. Hadst thou but shook thy head, or made a pause, 

When I spake darkly what I purposed ; 

Deep shame had struck me dumb, and made me break off; 
And those thy fears might have wrought fears in me. 
Explanations. — In Ex. 1, keep is in the imperative mood, agreeing 
with ye understood. 

In Ex. 2, forget is understood after could. 


PROGRESSIVE EXERCISES. 25 

In Ex. 5, heat is in the imperative mood, agreeing with thou under- 
stood. 

In Ex. 6, defend agrees with ye understood. 

In Ex. 7, had is in the subjunctive mood, past tense. 

In Ex. 8, hadst shook is in the subjunctive mood, pluperfect tense ; 
in the first line, hadst is understood before made; and, in the third line, 
had struck and had made are equivalent to would have struck and would 
have made , and should be marked accordingly. 


LESSON 11. — (On the Transitive Verb in the Passive 

Voice.) 

Parse the lettered words in full . 

(See Notation of the Verb, $ 2, p. 10.) 

MODEL. 

q . a 

1. The Q national independence** Q had been won. 

Had been won is a transitive verb, irregular, (present, win; past, won; 
perfect participle, won), in the passive voice, indicative mood, plu- 
perfect tense, third person, and singular number, agreeing with its 
nominative independence, according to Rule III., which says, “A 
verb agrees with its nominative case in number and person.” — The 
syntactical reading is — independence had been won. 

R (ft 

2. The R prayers 0 '* of David, the son of Jesse, R are ended. 

A. di 

— 3. With his conduct last evening V s A was not pleased. — 

QF.fi fi 

4. The Q land 7 * they fi F loved so well Q was bought with blood. 

D. n'i 

— 5. Ye"'* D shall be hated of all men for my name’s sake. — 

Q fp 

6. The Q universe^ Q might be poised on a drop of water kept 
in a compact state. 

Q 

7. The Q call oi of each sword upon liberty’s aid, 

oi 

Q Shall be written in gore on the steel of its blade. 

3 


CLASS BOOK OF PARSING. 


LESSON 12.— (On the same.) 

Mark the subjects and verbs . 

1. I am charged with being an emissary of France. — 2. 
Milton is more praised than read. — 3. And the sun was 
darkened ; and the veil of the temple was rent in the midst. 
— 4. The windows of heaven were opened. — 5. The liberal 
soul shall be made fat. — 6. You may be assured, gentlemen, 
of my continued regard. — 7. Men must be taught as if you 
taught them not. 

8. You are excused, 

But will you be more justified ? 

9. What, though through all creation there were heard 
No happy voices ? 


LESSON 13. — (On the Intransitive Verb.) 

Parse the lettered words in full . 

(See Notation of the Verb, § 3, p. 10.) 

MODEI 

Q. ci. 

1. Liberty ! It"- Q is for noble minds. 

Is is an intransitive verb, irregular, (am, was, been,) in the indicative 
mood, present tense, third person, and singular number, agreeing 
•with its nominative it, according to Rule III. (Repeat the Rule.) 
— The syntactical reading is — it is. 

2. Oh why (A am I aL) thus! — 3. How beautiful it cl - ^appears! 

Q ci. ci. Q 

— 4. Where the Q spirit"- of the Lord Q is, there (Q is liberty." 0 

E cs. ci. Q 

— 5. If Christ 08, E be not risen , then (Q is our preaching" 0 vain ; 

Q ci. _ D. b'i. 

and your faith ci - Q is also vain. — 6. Ye 1 *'*- D, are yet in your 
sins. 


PROGRESSIVE EXERCISES. 


27 


. K oi. 

7. Truth, oi - crushed to earth, ^shall rise again; 

H cfi. 

The R eternal years 0 ' 1, of God R are hers ; 

E ci. 

But Error, ci,&ci - wounded, £ writhes in pain, 

ci. 

And £ dies among his worshippers. 


LESSON 14. — (On the same.) 

Mark the subjects and the verbs . 

1. Purple and bright, bursts on the billows the flushing 
of light. — 2. The grave is the ordeal of true affection. — 3. 
Nor doth remain a shadow of man’s ravage, save his own. — 
4. So flourishes and fades majestic man. — 5. All animated 
things grow old and die. — 6. The rocks crumble, the trees 
fall, the leaves fade, and the grass withers. — 7. The clouds 
are flying, and the waters are flowing, away from us. — 8. 
Bees hummed amid the whispering grass. — 9. Few and evil 
have been the days of my pilgrimage. 

10. The meek-eyed Morn appears, mother of dews ; 

At first faint gleaming in the dappled east, 

Till far o’er ether spreads the widening glow, 

And from before the lustre of her face, 

White break the clouds away. 


28 


CLASS BOOK OF PARSING. 


III. THE OBJECTIVE CASE. 


LESSON 15. — (On the Objective after a Transitive 
Verb.) 

Parse the lettered words in fall . 

(See Note on the Cases of Nouns and Pronouns, p. 9.) 

MODEL. 

Q" E li 

1. This (li truth sublime his simple sire u E had taught. 

Truth is a noun, common, of the neuter gender, third person, singular 

number, and in the objective case, governed by the verb had taught , 
according to Rule IV., which says, “ A transitive verb, in the ac- 
tive voice, governs the objective case.” — The syntactical reading is 
— had taught truth. 

b'i D. Q" 

2. (D Hold you b ' L) the Q " b '‘watch to-night ? — 3. The R dewy- 

ft <A Q" A. di 

skirted clouds 0 ' 1 R imbibe the Q " c '‘sun. — 4. I di A heard their 

Q" Q 

drowning dl cry, mingling with the wind. — 5. No jealousy* 1 

Q" fi D. e'p 

their (fi dawn of love Vercast. — 6. You e ' p ^ would not screen 

E" Q" 

a E " e ' p traitor from the law ! — 7. Mercy on me ! 

A. di 

8. About me round I di A saw 

CT Q" R" R* 

dl Hill, dl dale, and shady dl woods, and sunny di plains, 

Q" 

And liquid dl lapse of murmuring streams ; by these 

F" 

di Creatures that lived and moved, and walked or flew ; 

R ( fi. 

di Birds on the branches warbling ; all things Pi - E smiled ; 

Q fi. 

With fragrance and with joy my heart* 1 - Q o’erflowed. 

Explanation. — In Ex. 7, mercy is in the objective case after have un- 
derstood. 


PROGRESSIVE EXERCISES. 


29 


LESSON 16. — (On the same.) 

Mark the subject , verb , and object , in, each sentence, 

1. A bluish canopy the mountain crowns. — 2. The inju- 
ries of fortune do not affect the mind. — 3. Low the woods 
bow their hoar heads. — 4. Love enlarges the heart, but 
selfishness contracts it. — 5. The good man has perpetual 
sabbath. — 6. Death never saddened your scenes of bloom. — 
7. Chill penury repressed their noble rage. — 8. The bells 
he jingled, and the whistle blew. — 9. You cannot, my lords, 
you cannot conquer America. 

10. The troops exulting sat in order round, 

And beaming fires illumined all the ground, 

As when the moon, refulgent lamp of night ! 

O’er heaven’s clear azure spreads her sacred light; 
When not a breath disturbs the deep serene, 

And not a cloud o’ercasts the solemn scene. 


LESSON IT. — (On the Objective after a Preposition.) 

Parse the lettered words in full. 

(See Notation of the Preposition, p. 13.) 

MODEL. 

Q X Q" X Q" 

1. The Q call 01 Q of Q " each x sword Q upon Q " liberty’s x aid 

Q Shall be written oi in Q " x gore °'on Q " the Q " x steel Q "of Q " its 

Q" 

x blade. 

Of is a preposition, used before sword to show its relation to call. — The 
syntactical reading is — call of sword. 

Sward is a noun, common, of the neuter gender, third person, singular 
number, and in the objective case, governed by the preposition of 
according to Rule V., which says, “A preposition governs the 
objective oaso.” — The syntactical reading is — of sivord. 

3 * 


80 


CLASS BOOK OF PARSING. 


2. (c,i For Q " x life, (c '*for Q " x life, their (c,i flight they 01 F ply. — 

b'm. x Q" Q" Q" x 

8. List b ' m to Q " the Q " x shout, the Q " x shock, the x crash Q "of Q " 

Q" R x Q" fi. 

x steel. — 4. The R last beams 61, R of Q " x day R were now faintly 

x " R" "X n 

streaming fi, through R " the 11 " painted x windows R "in R " the R " 

R" x A." 

high x vaults R "above A " x me. 

5. Last noon 6 Q beheld 6 them full of Q " lusty x life: 

Q x Q" 

Last eve, in Q " beauty’s x circle proudly gay: 

The Q midnight 6 Q brought the Q " 6 signal-sound Q "of Q " 

Q" 

x strife : 

Q Q" ' x R* Q 

The Q morn, the Q " marshalling Q "in R " x arms: the Q day, 

Q" 

Battle’s magnificently stern array! 


Explanations. — In Ex. 3, list is in the imperative agreeing with ye 
understood. 

In Ex. 5, line 1, of shows the relation of life to full. In line 2, eve 
is nominative to beheld understood, and in shows the relation of circle 


to beheld understood. In line 4, morn and day are nominatives to 
brought understood. In lines 4 and 5, marshalling and array are go- 
verned by brought understood. 


LESSON 18. — (On the same.) 

Mark the subjects , verbs , prepositions , and objects. 

1. Thou solves t the problem at the expense of life. — 2. 
Faith touches all things with the hues of heaven. — 8. The 
first dawn of the light of civil history extends not beyond 
the foundation of the ancient kingdom of Babylon. — 4. The 
entire region was covered with dense forests and extended 
prairies. — 5. The native Indians hunted the elk and the wild 
deer over its great plains, or danced the war-dance and 


PROGRESSIVE EXERCISES. 81 

smoked the pipe of peace beneath the shade of its majestic 
oaks. 

6. There various news I heard of love and strife : 

Of peace and war, health, sickness, death and life : 

Of loss and gain : of famine, and of store : 

Of storms at sea, and travels on the shore : 

Of prodigies and portents in the air : 

Of fires and plagues, and stars with blazing hair : 

Of turns of fortune ; changes in the state ; 

The falls of favorites ; projects of the great : 

Of old mismanagements ; taxations new : 

All neither wholly false, nor wholly true. 


IY. THE POSSESSIVE CASE. 


LESSON 19. 

Parse the lettered words in full. 

(See Note on the Cases of Nouns and Pronouns, p. 9.) 

MODEL. 

k fi- x Q' q* 

1. She fi - K stooped her fi by°" the Q ' runnel's 0 * *side. 

Runnel's is a common noun, of the neuter gender, third person, singu- 
lar number, and in the possessive case ; and belongs to side, by 
which it is governed, according to Rule VI., which says, “ The 
possessive case is governed, by the noun denoting the thing pos- 
sessed.” — The syntactical reading is — runnel's side. 

Q' Q ci f <y 

2. The 0 ' mountain’s 0 glowing brow ci Q betokans the 0 ' sun’s 0 " 
Approach. — 8. Why (0 should gold fp) man’s 0 " feeble fp mind 


32 


CLASS BOOK OF PARSING. 


Q a x ' K' 

decoy ? — 4. His cheek 0 * Q is impearled ci with Q " a K ' mother’s^' 

Q" C. . bi. . X ' Q' 

warm x tear. — 5. Thou bL c scoff*’st bi at R " virtue’s 8 * * 11 " homely 

R" E. ci Q' • R" . X 

x joys. — 6. He ci E forsakes earth’s R " troubled C1 waters cl for Q " 

■ // Q ." 

a Q " purer x spring. 

ci. Q' Q ■ . 

7. But why so short (Q is love’s Q delightful hour ! ci;) 

ci. Q x Q' 

Why (Q fades the Q dew ci> Q on Q " beauty’s Q " sweetest 

Q" 

x flower ? 


LESSON 20. — (On the same.) 

Mark the subjects , verbs , objects , prepositions , and possessives y 
in each sentence. 

1. Here have I fled the city’s stifling heat. — 2. Faith 
looks beyond life’s narrow bound. — 3. His ready smile a 
parent’s warmth expressed. — 4. Eden’s pure gems angelic 
legions keep. — 5. In Judah’s hall the harp is hushed. — 6. 
The king’s heart is in the hand of the Lord. 

7. Can wisdom lend, with all her heavenly power, 

The pledge of joy’s anticipated hour ? 

8. And still in memory’s twilight bowers, 

The spirits of departed hours, 

With mellowing tints, portray 
The blossoms of life’s vernal flowers 

Forever fallen away. 


33 


c_ , 

PROGRESSIVE EXERCISES. 


V. AGREEMENT OF PRONOUNS WITH THEIR ANTECEDENTS. 


LESSON 21. — (On the Relative Pronoun.) 

Parse the lettered words. 

(See Notation of the Pronoun, p. 9.) 

MODEL. 

E. E. ci, cp 

1. He 01 " E that ci - E runs E may read. 

He is a personal pronoun, of the masculine gender, third person, sin- 
gular number, and in the nominative case to the verb may ready 
&c. — (Parse it in full.) 

That is a relative pronoun, of the masculine gender, third person, and 
singular number, agreeing with he, according to Rule VII., which 
says, “A pronoun agrees with the noun or pronoun which it repre- 
sents, in gender, number, and person and is in the nominative 
case to the verb runs, according to Rule II. (Repeat the Rule.) — 
The syntactical reading is — he that runs. 

F. c'i x Q" cl 

2. Who 0 ' 1 F write c,i for Q " pure "amusement, ne’er amuse. 

Who is a relative pronoun, of the masculine gender, third person, and 
plural number, agreeing with they understood, according to Rule 
VII. (Repeat the Rule.) It is in the nominative case to the verb 
write , according to Rule II. (Repeat the Rule.) — The syntactical 
reading is — they who write. 

p. F. c'i. x R" 

3. They, 2 * 1 ^ F who c,i - F are moderate in R " their "expectations, 

c'i. x R" F 

F meet c,i with R " few "disappointments. — 4. The F citizens 0 ' 1 

x Q" c'i Q" Q. fi Q" 

F of«" "America F celebrate that c ''day Q "which fi °gave fi birth 

X , R" . 

Ho R " their "liberties. 


5. 


He 6thci E that cL ^attends cl to Q " his interior "self, 
E That Ri ’ ci,ci '* ci E has a Q " ci heart and £ keeps Q " &ci it, E has 


Q" 

a Q " C1 mind 


84 


CLASS BOOK OP PARSING. 


Q "That cL ^hungers, and ^supplies Q " &ci it, and E who ci 

ci 

^seeks 

Q" 

A Q " social, not a Q " dissipated C1 life, 

ci Q? 

E Has business. 

Explanations. — In Example 2, amuse agrees with they , the antece- 
dent of the relative who. 

In Ex. 3, they is in the nominative case to meet, the 2d following verb 
designated by c'i. 

In Ex. 5, he is in the nominative case to has, the 6th following verb 
designated by ci ; that, in the 2d line, agrees with he, and is in the no- 
minative case to the four following verbs designated by ci ; it, in the 
2d line, agrees with heart, and is in the objective case after keeps; that, 
in the 3d line, agrees with mind, and is nominative to hungers; and 
lias, in the last line, agrees with he, in the first. 


LESSON 22. — (On the same.) 

Mark the subjects , verbs, prepositions , objects , and relatives. 

1. Death lifts the veil that hides a brighter sphere. — 2. 
0 soft are the breezes, that play round the tomb. — 8. He 
that cannot bear a jest should not make one. — 4. The waves 
bound beneath me as a steed that knows his rider. — 5. Their 
names are inscribed on the goodly habitations of men, and 
on those hallowed temples of God, whose spires ever point 
to the heaven, which, we trust, has received them. — 6. How 
shall I curse whom God hath not cursed ? — 7. There are, 
indeed, who seem disposed to extend her authority. — 8. Who 
lives to nature, rarely can be poor. 

9. Hast thou incurred 
His anger, who can waste thee with a word ; 

Who poises and proportions sea and land, 

Weighing them in the hollow of his hand; 

And in whose awful sight all nations seem 
As grasshoppers, as dust, a drop, a dream ? 


PROGRESSIVE EXERCISES. 85 

Explanations. — In Examp. 5, whose is in the possessive case, governed 
by spires. 

In Ex. 6, whom agrees with them understood,* and is in the objective 
case, governed by hath cursed. 

In Ex. 7, who agrees with persons understood. 

In Ex. 8, who agrees with he understood. 

In Ex. 9, grasshoppers, dust , drop, and dream , are nominatives to the 
verb seem or seems understood. 


LESSON 28. — (On the Compound Relative Pronoun.) 
Parse the lettered words in full. 

MODEL. 

E. ft Q "-Q. fi 

1. He fi E obtained fi what^ Q was needed. 

What is a compound relative pronoun, including both the antecedent 
and the relative, and is equivalent to that which, or the thing which. 
The antecedent that or thing is in the neuter gender, third person, 
singular number, and objective case, governed by obtained, accord- 
ing to Rule IV. (Repeat the Rule.) — The syntactical reading is — • 
obtained that or the thing. 

The relative which is in the neuter gender, third person, and 
singular number, agreeing with the antecedent that or the thing , 
according to Rule VII. (Repeat the Rule.) It is also in the nomi- 
native case to was needed, according to Rule II. (Repeat it.) — The 
syntactical reading is — that or the thing which was needed. 

Q— <?." Q ci X Q" ' ci 

2. What d&d reason 01 Q weaves, (c? by Q " x passion 2(1 Q is undone. 

E. E. ci Q"— Q." E. ci oi 

8. He 01 E *who ci E buys ci what ci be ci K does not need, ^ will 

Q"— Q." E. cp , E. — E. 

often need oi what cp he cp * cannot buy. — 4. Whoever 2 * 1 01 &ci 

Ci Q" ci Q." Q-Q." 

^•dreads oi punishment, ^deserves Q "* cl it. — 5. Whatsoever 01 * 01 

E. ci oi E ci, 

he ci E doeth Q shall prosper. — 6. The E Lord E chasteneth 

E/'— E." E. ci 

ci whomsoever 01 E he CI E loveth. 

* See Numbers, xxiii., 8, and the context. 


36 CLASS BOOK OP PARSING. 

Explanations. — In Ex. 1, was needed agrees with which. 

In Ex. 2, what is equivalent to the thing which. The antecedent is 
nominative to is undone , and the relative is in the objective, governed 
by weaves. 

In Ex. 4, whoever is equivalent to he who , or any person who . The 
antecedent is nominative to deserves , and the relative to dreads. 

In Ex. 5, whatsoever is equivalent to any thing which. The antece- 
dent is nominative to shall prosper , and the relative is in the objective 
case after doeth. 

In Ex. 6, whomsoever is equivalent to him whom , or any person whom 


LESSON 24. — (On the same.) 

Mark the subjects, verbs , prepositions , objects , and relatives . 

1. What most we wish, with ease we fancy near. — 2. What 
is just, is honest. — 3. Have you received what you expected? 
— 4. What you have said, is true. — 5. I do not know what 
you mean. — 6. Whoever goes, will not return again. — 7. 
Whatever is, is right. — 8. Whatever purifies, fortifies also 
the heart. — 9. Whatever we undertake, we should accom- 
plish. — 10. Whoever neglects the opportunities of his youth, 
will regret his want of wisdom in maturer years. 



% 


PROGRESSIVE EXERCISES. 


3T 


VI. THE ADJECTIVE. 


LESSON 25. 

Parse the lettered words in full. 

(See Notation of the Adjective, p. 11.) 

MODEL. 

1. A Q " fresher 0 " (c,i green the R smiling R leaves' 5 ' 1 R display. 

Fresher is an adjective, in the comparative degree, (positive, fresh; 
comparative, fresher; superlative, freshest ,) and belongs to green , 
according to Rule VIII., which says, “An adjective belongs to the 
noun or pronoun which it qualifies.” — The syntactical reading is — 
fresher green. 

Smiling is a participial adjective, from the verb to smile, in the positive 
degree, (positive, smiling; comparative, more smiling; superlative, 
most smiling,) and belongs to leaves , according to Rule VIII. (Re- 
peat the Rule.) — The syntactical reading is — smiling leaves. 

2. Lonely 0 and lovely 0 (Q is the 0 silent 0 glen. ci) — 3. The 0 

Q t ci. x t Q" t 

summer 01 - gay 0) Q droops cl into 0 " pallid Q " x autumn. — 4. Fair R 

R X Q" fi Q" t 

visions fl R of Q " x home R cheered the 0 " n desert so dreary. 0 "* — 5. 

F. VI t r x if Q' Q" 

They 1 ' 1 F have given the lovely l ''to Q " earth's 13 " x embrace. — 6. 

Q ci. t' R t E 

Wisdom 01 * Q is Q better than rubies. — 7. His great E master, 1 1 

A. t" 

Demosthenes, E aimed only to make the deepest Q ' and 

l" Q" E. fi x 

most efficient 0 " impression ; and E he fi E employed fi for°" this 

Q" t " t" " ' t" 

x purpose, the R " plainest/" the R " fewest/" and the R " most em- 

R" 

phatic R " fi words. 

4 


88 


CLASS BOOK OF PARSING. 


t Q ci r t t 

8. When the Q night Q storm cL Q gathers dim Q) and dark, Q) 

(bi With Q " a Q " shrill Q " and boding Q " x scream, 

Thou bL c rushest bi by Q " the Q " foundering Q " x bark, 

St # Q 

Quick as a passing* 3 dream. 

Explanations. — In Ex. 5, lovely belongs to persons understood, or 
it may be parsed as a noun, of the masculine gender, third person, 
plural number, and objective case. 

In Ex. 6, rubies is nominative to are understood. 

In Ex. 7, impression is in the objective case, governed by to maize. 


LESSON 26. — (On the same.) 

Mark the nouns, pronouns, verbs, prepositions, and adjec- 
tives. 

1. The attraction of the prairie consists in its extent, its 
rich carpet of fresh verdure and beautiful flowers, its smooth, 
undulating surface, and its graceful groves. — 2. The gospel, 
through the wonder-working power of God, can make the 
proud humble, the selfish disinterested, the worldly heavenly, 
the sensual pure. — 8. God’s providence is higher, and deeper, 
and larger, and stronger, than all the skill of his adversaries. 
— 4. The wisest nations, having the most and best ideas, 
will consequently have the best and most copious languages. 

5. Come, while the blossoms of thy years are brightest, 
Thou youthful wanderer in a flowery maze ; 

Come, while the restless heart is bounding lightest, 

And joy’s pure sunbeams tremble in thy ways : 

Come, while sweet thoughts, like summer buds unfolding, 
Waken rich feelings in the careless breast, 

While yet thy hand the ephemeral wreath is holding, 
Come, and secure interminable rest. 


PROGRESSIVE EXERCISES. 


89 


Explanations. — In Ex. 5, wanderer is in the nominative case inde- 
pendent, and has (E-ind.) for its symbol. (See Lesson 37.) In line 5, 
buds is in the objective case after unto understood. 


VII. THE ADJECTIVE PRONOUN. 


LESSON 27. — (Ox the Possessive Adjective Pronoun.) 

Parse the lettered words . 

(See Note on the Possessive Adjective Pronoun, p. 12.) 

MODEL. 

1. How blessings 0 '*- R brighten as Ehey 0 ' 1 R take R their Q " 
c,i flight ! 

Their is a possessive adjective pronoun, of the neuter gender, third per- 
son, and plural number, agreeing with blessings , according to Rule 
VII. (Repeat the Rule.) It belongs to flight, according to Rule 
IX., which says, “ An adjective pronoun belongs to the noun which 
it qualifies/ 7 — The syntactical reading is — blessings their flight. 

bm bm Cu t Q" E 

2. Curb, 0 curb thy Q " headlong Q " bm speed. — 8. A E friend 01 

Ci E' R" E Eu ^ R" 

Exaggerates a E ' man’s R " ci virtues — an E enemy E 'bis R " crimes. 

K ci R" . x H Ku t . R" 

— 4. Peace ^scatters ci blessings cl from R " ^her 11 " dewy R " x wings. 

Q ci Q" .x Qu t 

— 5. Truth 01 Q softens the Q " 01 heart 01 with R " Q its R " simple 1 *" 

ft" F. c's. Q. oi. x Bu 

*tones. — 6. If they 0 ' 8 - F rule, it oi - Q shall be oL over R " &R " our R " 

R" R" st R c'i Ru 

x ashes and x graves. — 7. Coming 11 events 0 ' 1 R cast R their R " 

R" 

‘"''shadows before. 

Explanations. — In Ex. 2, curb and thy agree with thou understood. 
In Ex. 3, enemy is in the nominative case to exaggerates understood ; 
his agrees with man’s; and crimes is governed by exaggerates under- 
stood. 


40 


CLASS BOOK OF PARSING. 


LESSON 28. — (On the same.) 

Park the nouns , pronouns , verbs , prepositions , adjectives , and 
possessive adjective pronouns . 

1. If ye love me, keep my commandments. — 2. Oft from 
apparent ills our blessings rise. — 3. A desire for improve- 
ment should possess all our hearts. — 4. New portents now 
our foes amaze. — 5. Fix thy hopes on the sure basis of 
eternity. — 6. Time writes no wrinkles on thine azure brow. 
— 7. He that getteth wisdom, loveth his own soul. — 8. Jus- 
tice shall lift aloft her even scale. — 9. Neither beauty nor 
talent is without its charm. — 10. Angels drop on their golden 
harps a pitying tear. — 11. The forest and the hill had lost 
their intense green. 

12. Will then the merciful One, who stamped our race 
With his own image, and who gave them sway 
O’er earth and the glad dwellers on her face, 

Now that our flourishing nations far away 
Are spread, where’er the moist earth drinks the day, 
Forget the ancient care that taught and nursed 
His latest offspring? 


LESSON 29. — (On the Distributive, the Demonstrative, 
and the Indefinite Adjective Pronoun.) 

Parse the lettered words . 

(See Notation of the Adjective Pronoun, p. 12.) 

MODEL. 

u" st Q u" t Q 

1. Else, whence this Q pleasing Q hope, this Q fond Q desire? 
This is a demonstrative adjective pronoun, and belongs to hope , accord- 
ing to Rule IX., whfch says, “An adjective pronoun belongs to the 
noun which it qualifies.”— The syntactical reading is —this hope. 


PROGRESSIVE EXERCISES. 


41 


u' Q fi x u'" Qu Q" 

2. Every 9 flower^ Q was arrayed -'fln 9 " all Q,/ Q its Q " x beauty. 

Every is a distributive adjective pronoun, and belongs to flower, accord- 
ing to Rule IX. (Repeat the Rule.) — The syntactical reading is — 
every flower. 

All is an indefinite adjective pronoun, and belongs to beauty, &c. (Parse 
it in full.) 

u" Q oi u" 

3. This Q day 01 Q will be remembered. — 4. Those best 

c'p Q" F. c'i - Q" u' Q 

can bear °' p reproof, who 0 ' 1 ^merit Upraise. — 5. Each Q day ci 

ci Q" x u'" Q" bm 

Q brings ^intelligence 9 " of Q " some Q " disaster. — 6. Forget not 

Q" x o'" R" t 

bm duty bm under R " any R// "circumstances. — 7. A Q friendly Q 

Q fp u'" R" x Q" 

eye fp Q could never see such R " fp faults. — 8. (c 'T>y Q " "idleness 

u"' c'i F." x Q" 

many bring ^themselves c,i to Q " "poverty. 

9. The K same K fond K mother 6 - K bent fi at 9 " "night 

x u' t St Q" 

fi 0’er 9 " each 9 " fair Q " sleeping 9 " "brow; 

K She fi K had each 9 " folded 9 " fi flower fi in 9 " "sight; — 

c'i. u" F ^ 

Where (F are those F dreamers 0 ' 10 now? 

Explanations. — In Ex. 1, hope and desire are nominatives to is un- 
derstood. 

In Ex. 4, those belongs to persons understood ; and can bear and who 
agree with persons understood. 

In Ex. 8, many belongs to persons understood. 

LESSON 30. — (On the same.) 

Mark the nouns , pronouns , verbs , prepositions , adjectives , 
and adjective pronouns. 

1. From each terrestrial bondage set me free. — 2. Every 
thing in the life of such persons is misplaced.— 3. I have a 
temple in every heart that owns my influence. — 4. How 

4. * 


42 


CLASS BOOK OF PARSING. 


dreadful is this place ! for God is here ! — 5. That silent act 
was fondly eloquent. — 6. These feelings you should fondly 
cherish. — 7. From that position the whole fleet may be 
seen. — 8. The larch has hung all its tassels forth. — 9. Some 
deemed him wise. — 10. Such persons should be regarded 
with no favor. — 11. Thy hand imbues the clouds with all 
pure tints. — 12. Be not satisfied with any good, which cen- 
ters solely in self. 

13. Where Heaven’s aerial bow 
Spans with bright arch the glittering hills below, 

Why to yon mountain turns the musing eye, 

Whose sun-bright summit mingles with the sky: 

Why do those cliffs of shadowy tint appear 
More sweet than all the varied landscape near ? 


VIII. THE ADVERB. 


LESSON 31. 

Parse the lettered words in full . 

(See Notation of the Adverb, p. 12.) 

MODEL. 

w w B. d'i E." w 

1. (d '* Slowly and (d,i sadly we d, ‘ B laid d, ‘him d Mown. 

Slowly is an adverb, in the positive degree, (positive, slowly; compara- 
tive, more slowly; superlative, most slowly,) and belongs to laid, 
according to Rule X., which says, “An adverb belongs to the 
verb, participle, adjective, or adverb, which it qualifies.” — The 
syntactical reading is — laid slowly. 

Down is an adverb, not compared, and belongs to laid, according to 
Rule X. (Repeat it.) — The syntactical reading is — laid down. 


PROGRESSIVE EXERCISES. 


43 


> (ci-Here (E lies he oi) ci now. — 3. Sleep* 5 - Q fell ^softly 

w w t Q F. (/i. 

around. — 4. How 1 pleasant Q the Q sight! — 5. They 0 ' 1 - F live 

W w w ni C. u"' 

very w C1 happily. — 6. (ni Where (C m7Z you ni) find another 15 ' 

. E " w t ^ Cu Q w fi. 

n, man equally 4 worthy ? E "»— 7. Thy Q mind fi - once 6, Q kindled 

x u' st Q" w gi A. 

fi with Q " each Q " passing Q " Hhought. — 8. ^Hence {k have I gi) 

W u'"— F fi'. Q ci 

watched Awhile 4 ' 1 - others** 1 - F slept. — 9. Mercy 01 Q becomes a E " 

E" xv' ■, Eu Q 

ci monarch better 00 than E "his Q crown. 

10. There, fp&fp * (fp&(fp -at Q " the Q " x foot Q "of Q " yonder Q " nodding Q " 

Q* 

x beach, 

Q. ci Qu t t R" w 

e "That cl ^wreaths Q "its R " old R " fantastic R " ci root8 so” 
d high, 

Eu t Q" x Q" fp 

E His Q " listless Q " (fp length, (fp&(fp -at Q " x noontide, {E would 

E. 

he fp)&fp - stretch, 

And E pore fp upon Q " the Q " x brook Q "that ci - ^babbles ci by. 
Explanations. — In Ex. 4, sight is nominative to is understood. 

In Ex. 8, others is an indefinite adjective pronoun, used as a noun, in 
the nominative case to slept. 

In Ex. 9, crovm is in the nominative case to becomes understood. 


LESSON 32. — (On the same.) 

/ \ , %• x 

Mark the nouns, pronouns, verbs, adjectives, adjective pro- 
nouns, and adverbs. 

1. Death always comes suddenly to those who are not 
prepared. — 2. The highest meed of praise he well deserves. 
— 3. Here I stand, and speak what I do know. — 4. 0, how 
self-fettered was my groveling soul! — 5. It is surprising, 


44 


CLASS BOOK OP PARSING. 


how quickly, and for the most part how correctly, we judge 
of character from external appearance. — 6. A true friend 
unbosoms freely, advises justly, assists readily, adventures 
boldly, takes all patiently, defends courageously, and con- 
tinues a friend unchangeably. 

7. Thus with the year, 

Seasons return; but not to me returns 
Day, or the sweet approach of even or morn. 

8. Be kind to thy mother, for, lo ! on her brow, 

May traces of sorrow he seen; 

0 well may’st thou cherish and comfort her now, 

For loving and kind she hath been. 

Remember thy mother — for thee will she pray, 

As long as God giveth her breath; 

With accents of kindness, then cheer her lone way 
E’en to the dark valley of death. 


IX. SAME CASES. 

LESSON 88. 

Parse the lettered words . 

MODEL. 

1. Adversity 0 *- Q is the Q ci school Q of Q " x piety. 

School is a common noun, of the neuter gender, third person, singular 
number, and nominative case after is, according to Rule XI., -which 
says, “An intransitive verb, or a verb in the passive voice, may 
have the same case after it as before it, when both words represent 
the same person or thing.” — The syntactical reading is — adversity 
is school. 


PROGRESSIVE EXERCISES. 


45 


Q . ci. Q x Q" 

2. Tlie Q evening 01, Q is an Q "emblem ^f 9 " x autumn, and 

Q x St Q" R x Q" ci. 

autumn of Q " declining x life. — 3. The R (cl wages E of 9 " x sin (Q is 

Q E. ^ fi. E E 

death." 0 — 4. He fi E lived a E ^wanderer and a E ^fugitive 

x Eu t Q" Q x Q" 

E&E i n Q " £, his 9 " native 9 " x land. — 5. The Q faculty 01, 9 of 9 " x speech 

ci. t t Q X Q." 

9 is a Q curious Q and wonderful 9 "contrivance, (cl by Q " 9&x which 
the 9 fleeting 9 breath 01, 9 becomes the 9 "index 9 of 9 " the 9 " x soul, 
the 9 ci divulger and "interpreter 9&Q of Q " the 9 " invisible 9 '' 

Q" t Q Q x 

x thought, and the 9 great 9 "bond and "medium Q&Q of 9 * 

' Q// 

social 9 " intercourse. 

Bu Q ci. w st Q 

6. Our 9 birth 01, 9 is "but a 9 starting 9 "-place ; 

Q ci. „ Q" x Q" 

Life 01, 9 is the 9 " running 9 "of Q " a 9 " x race ; 

9 Q 
And death the 9 goal. 

Explanations. — In Ex. 2, autumn is in the nominative case to is 
understood. 

In Ex. 3, wages is the nominative after the verb is. 

In Ex. 6, but may he parsed as a participle governing place in the 
objective case. Supplying the ellipsis, the sentence would read thus : — 
Our life is nothing but (= except or excepting ) a starting place. — In the 
last line, death is the subject-nominative, and goal is in the nominative 
case after is understood. 

LESSON 34. — (On the same.) 

Parse the nouns , pronouns , verbs , prepositions , adjectives , 
and adverbs, 

1. Thy word is a lamp to my feet and a light to my path. 

2. The vast world seems the tomb of all the dead. — 3. 

We may die ; die colonists ; die slaves ; die, it may be, igno- 
miniously and on the scaffold. — 4. She had been the pupil 


46 


CLASS BOOK OF PARSING. 


of the village pastor, the favorite lamb of his little flock. — 
5. I will be unto thee a wall of fire round about. — 6. The 
long remembered beggar was his guest. — T. Earthly pride 
is but the transient pageant of an hour. — 8. Time is the 
warp of life ; 0, weave it well. 

9. The starless grave shall shine 
The portal of eternal day. 

10. This be the poet’s praise, 

That he hath ever been of Liberty 

The steadfast friend ; of Justice and of Truth 

Firmest supporter; of high thoughts, 

And all true beauty of the inner world, 

Creator. 


X. APPOSITION. 


LESSON 35. 

Parse the lettered words . 

MODEL. 

E E— ap fi. w K fi. 

1. Man, 2 * * * 6 - the E E hermit, 2dE sighed, fi *till fi * woman 6 - K smiled. 

Hermit is a common noun, of the masculine gender, third person, sin- 
gular number, and in the nominative case in apposition with man , 
according to Rule XII., which says, “ A noun used to explain an- 
other noun or pronoun, is put, by apposition, in the same case.” 

The syntactical reading is — man , the hermit. 

2. Hail, Sabbath, (ai thee I ai A hail, the®' poor®' man’s 0 " 

O"— ap B. B— ap a'i. t q Q— ap 

°*"day.— 3. We 3 ' 1, B men are B mortal. — 4. The Q river ci - Q Rhine 

cr. x O'' E E— ap x 

Q flows “-through* 3 " x Germany. — 5. Omar, 11 the® £ son E of £ " 


PROGRESSIVE EXERCISES. 


47 


E" li t R" Q" 

x Hassan, Hiad passed twenty-five R " 11 years x honor 

Q" 

and prosperity. 

K t cl. 

6. Virtue 01, ^sole ^survives, 

t w st K— ap x 

Immortal, K never st failing* ^friend K of E " x man, 

Eu K— ap x Q" x Q" 

£ "His K ^guide K to Q " x happiness Q "on Q " x high. 

C. bi. t Q t 

7. Thou bL c, art a Q beauteous Q bl type, bright star ! 

x u" t Q" 0"— ap x Q' Q" 

Q 0f Q " that Q " pure Q " x star, Q "Religion ! (cl on Q " ^'whose^' x ray 

E ci. x Q" x Eu Q" 

The E Christian 01, E looks ci for Q " guidance Q "on Q " E his Q " x way, 

w t R cT% Ru Q" 

ci When c,i human R passions 01 R wage R their Q " ^‘war. 
Explanation. — In Ex. 2, the first word hail is a term of salutation, 
used as a verb in the imperative mood. 


LESSON 36. — (On the same.) 

Mark all the words. 

1. I, John, was in the spirit on the Lord’s day. — 2. Paul, 
the apostle, wrote to Timothy. — 3. There is a land, of every 
land the pride. — 4. England and France, two powerful na- 
tions of Europe, have united against Russia. — 5. Child of 
the Sun, refulgent Summer comes. — 6. And he, their prince, 
shall rank among thy peers. — 7. Time, the subtle thief of 
youth, hath stolen my years. 

8. He, whom each virtue fired, each grace refined, 

Friend, teacher, pattern, darling of mankind ! 

He sleeps in dust. 

9. She shall be — 

That mighty Babylon, Chaldea’s pride, 

Glorious among the kingdoms of the earth — 

No more inhabited forever. 


48 


CLASS BOOK OF PARSING. 


10. Men looked up 
With mad disquietude on the dull sky, 

The pall of a past world ! 

11. What next I bring shall please thee, be assur’d, 
Thy likeness, thy fit help, thy other self, 

Thy wish exactly to thy heart’s desire. 


XI. THE NOMINATIVE CASE INDEPENDENT. 


LESSON 87. 

Parse the lettered words . 


MODEL. 

bin t E— ind. x Q" bm 

1. Aim, valiant® chief! — (bm Eor Q " x fight prepare. 

Chief is a common noun, of the masculine gender, second person, sin- 
gular number, and in the nominative case independent, according 
to Rule XIII., which says, “A noun or pronoun denoting a person 
or thing addressed, or employed in an abrupt and exclamatory 
manner, without depending on any other word, is in the nominative 
case independent.” 

C. bi A." u' Q" c. bi a." 

2. You bi c wrong bi me every Q " way, you bi c wrong bi me, 

C — ind D. b'i. Au I) — ind x £ 

Brutus. — 3. You b ' L D live, my D friends, b '4n Q " an Q " extraordi- 


rQ" x f 
P.— ind t 


Q" 


P— ap 


nary^ A age. — 4. Ye grand® inventions ®of F " ancient®" bards ! 


— ye gay® ® creations ®of Q " modern Q " x fancy ! — ( ®serve ye l/L) 
® all b,i for Q " no Q " other Q " x purpose than the Q " pastime Q "of Q " an Q " 
idle Q "' x hour ? 

5. The Q sky 0 * Q is changed! and such Q a Q change! 0°night, 

^0 — ind 0— ind P. b'i. w t 

And storm, and darkness ! ye 1 *’ ® are wondrous 1 ®*strong. 


PROGRESSIVE EXERCISES. 49 

Explanations. — In Ex. 1, arm and prepare agree "with thou under- 
stood. 

In Ex. 2, way is governed by in understood. 

In Ex. 4, pastime is governed by for understood. 

In Ex. 5, change is in the nominative case after is understood. The 
full expression is — and it is such a change .! 


LESSON 38. — (On the same.) 

Marie all the words . 

I. Yes, land of liberty ! thy children have no cause to 
blush for thee. — 2. Lady, you utter madness, and not folly. 
— 3. Besides, sir, we have no election. — 4. Hence ! home ! 
ye idle creatures. — 5. Charge, Chester ! charge ! On, 
Stanley ! on ! — 6. Read here, young Arthur. — 7. Brothers ! 
let us talk together of Logan. — 8. Ye aged men! bear ye 
testimony to the deeds of his strength. — 9. The pilgrim 
fathers, where are they ? — 10. Oh, my son Absalom ! my 
son ! my son Absalom ! Would to God I had died for thee, 
0 Absalom ! my son ! my son ! 

II. Indulgent Fancy ! from the fruitful banks 
Of Avon, whence thy rosy fingers cull 

Fresh flowers and dews, to sprinkle on the turf 
Where Shakspeare lies, be present. 

12. Must I thus leave thee, Paradise ? thus leave 
Thee, native soil ; these happy walks and shades, 

Fit haunt of Gods! 

13. Then melt, ye elements ! that formed in vain 
This troubled pulse and visionary brain ! 

Fade, ye wild flowers ! memorials of my doom ! 

And sink, ye stars ! that light me to the tomb ! 

5 


50 


CLASS BOOK OF PAUSING. 

Explanations. — In Ex. 1, to blush is in the infinitive mood, and is 
designated by v, followed by a period. (See Notation of the Infinitive 
Mood, Example 3, p. 12.) 

In Ex. 7, talk is in the infinitive mood, governed by let. The sigp to 
is understood before it. 



XII. THE NOMINATIVE CASE ABSOLUTE. 


LESSON 39. 

Parse the lettered words. 

MODEL. 

u m R— abs t Q c'i. t 

1. A11 R hands engaged , the Q royal Q work 0 '*- Q grows warm. Q) 

Hands is a common noun, of the neuter gender, third person, plural 
number, and in the nominative case absolute with the participle 
being engaged, according to Rule XIV., which says, “A noun or 
pronoun before a participle, and not used as the subject of' a verb, 
is in the nominative case absolute.” — The syntactical reading is — 
hands being engaged. 

Note. — In this and the following lesson, the participle belonging to 
the case absolute is printed in Italics. 

n"' t . Q— abs x Au Au Q c i. 

2. No Q precious Q fate with mine involved , my Q heart 01 - Q is 

t E li E." w 

fearless. Q) — 3. Jesus 11 ^had conveyed ^himself lj away, a Q 

Q— abs f f u" f Q" 

multitude being in Q " that Q " x place. 

' • * i ' r *’ * * ‘ • 

. V / N . w >, .1 . ;• 

w E— abs x E" Q— abs x Q" 

4. Now, ni man to E " x man, and steel to Q " x steel, 

. E '. Q" C. n i 

A E ' chieftain’s Q (n, vengeance thou 111 c shalt feel. 


PROGRESSIVE EXERCISES. 


51 


Q— abs x Q" x u' Q" 

5. The Q light Q of Q " heaven in Q " every Q " x breast, 

Qu Q— abs x u' Q" 

2dQ ''Its Q fire on Q " every Q " x lip, 

X t Q" w F. fi. 

fi In Q " tuneful Q " x chorus (fi on they fi< F press’d, 

A Q goodly Q ^fellowship. 

Explanations. — In Ex. 1 and 2, being is understood before the par- 
ticiples. 

In Ex. 4, the meaning is — man being opposed to man } and steel being 
opposed to steel. 

In Ex. 5, being is understood after light and fire. 


LESSON 40. — (On the same.) 

Mark all the words. 

Note. — The pupil may omit this lesson until he shall have prepared 
the exercises on the Infinitive and the Participle.— (See Lessons 41-44.) 

1. The power of Holland humbled in the dust, the Pro- 
tector next addressed himself to the affairs of Spain. — 2. 
We being exceedingly tossed , they lightened the ship. — 3. 
Edwards walked along with us, I eagerly assisting to keep 
up the conversation. — 4. I have seen a good old father, his 
locks white, his steps trembling, begging, in vain, his only 
son to abandon the intoxicating cup. 

5. A crowd drew near the place, 

Awe in each eye, alarm in every face. 

6. The hour concealed , and so remote the fear, 

Death still draws nearer, never seeming near. 

7. Then, all its transient sufferings o’er, 

On wings of light the soul shall soar, 

Exulting to that blest abode, 

Where tears of sorrow never flowed. 


52 


CLASS BOOK OF PARSING. 


8. Where the fathomless waves in magnificence toss, 
Homeless and high soars the wild*albatross, 
Unwearied, undaunted, unshrinking, alone, 

The ocean, his empire ; the tempest, his throne. 


VWWWVNA^AA/VAWWVAA^WVWV* 


XIII. THE INFINITIVE MOOD. 


LESSON 41. 

Parse the lettered words . 

(See Notation of the Infinitive Mood, p. 12.) 

MODEL. 

bm E" x E" v. 

1. See the E " bm son £ "of £ " x Hermes bm rise. 

To rise is an intransitive verb, irregular, (rise, rose , risen,) in the infini- 
tive mood, present tense, and is governed by see, according to Rule 
XV., which says, “The infinitive mood is governed by the verb, 
adjective, or noun, on which it depends.” — The syntactical reading 
is — see to rise. 

2. He“ E has visited all 0 " “Europe “to dive v into R " the R " 

R" x R" v. x Q'/ 

x depths R "of R " x dungeons “to plunge v into Q " the Q " infection 

X R" V R" X 

Q "of R " ^hospitals; “to survey the R " v mansions R "of Q " &Q " x sorrow 

Q" .. v Q" R" X 

and x pain; “to take the Q " v gauge and v dimensions Q " &R,/ 0 f Q ".Q // , < tQ v 

Q" Q" . Q" V 

x misery, depression, and x contempt; b to remember the 

St V. X St v St 

forgotten, “to attend v to the neglected, “to visit the forsaken, 

v v R" x u'" 

and “to compare and “collate the R " v& distresses R "of F " all F " 

F" x , u'" > R" 

r men F "of R " all R " Countries. 


PROGRESSIVE EXERCISES. 


53 


3. And who 01 E? that C1, E walks " where 11 men 1 ' 1 F of R,/ ancient R,, 

R" 

x days 

i'i x t Q" Q" x 

F Have wrought Fi with Q " godlike Q " x arm the Q " Fi deed Q "of Q " 

Q " 

x praise, 

ci w Q" x Q" v 

E? Feels "not the Q " "spirit Q "of Q " the Q,/ x place ™ Q "control, 

v v Eu st Q" 

2dQ "Exalt and ^"agitate his Q " laboring Q " v,v,&v soul? 


Explanations. — In Ex. 1 and 3, to is understood before each infini- 
tive. 

In Ex. 2, the infinitives may be parsed as depending on the phrase 
in order understood. ^ 


LESSON 42. 

1. It is pleasant to see the sun. — 2. Our Saviour loved to 
pray. — 3. Be so good as to leave me for a while. — 4. To 
confess the truth, we are in great danger. — 5. It took Home 
three hundred years to die. — 6. To return is impossible. 

T. Delightful task ! to rear the tender thought, 

To teach the young idea how to shoot ; 

To pour the fresh instruction o’er the mind, 

To breathe the enlivening spirit, and to fix 
The generous purpose in the glowing breast. 

8. Still in thought as free as ever,- 
What are England’s rights, I ask, 

Me from my delights to sever: 

Me to torture: me to task? 

9. Who 

Shall shake these solid mountains, this firm earth, 

And bid those clouds and waters take a shape 
Distinct from that which we and all our sires 
Have seen them wear on their eternal way ? 

5* 


54 


CLASS BOOK OF PARSING. 

10. Wilt thou fly 

With laughing Autumn to the Atlantic isles, 

And range with him the Hesperian fields, and see, 
Where’er his fingers touch the fruitful grain, 

The branches shoot with gold ; where’er his step 
Marks the glad soil, the tender clusters grow 
With purple ripeness, and invest each hill 
As with the blushes of the evening sky ? 

Explanations. — In Ex. 3, to leave may be parsed as a verb in the 
infinitive mood, used as a noun, in the nominative case to would be un- 
derstood. To designate it as such, prefix Q, the symbol of a common 
noun, of the neuter gender, third person, and singular number, to the 
v. Supplying the ellipsis, the sentence becomes — Be so good as to leave 
me for a while would be good. 

In Ex. 6, to return is used as a noun, in the nominative case to is; 
and impossible belongs to the infinitive used as a noun. 

In Ex. 7, task may be parsed as in the nominative case after is un- 
derstood. (It is a delightful task !) 

In Ex. 10, shoot, grow , and invest, are infinitives depending on see. 


XIV. THE PARTICIPLE. 


LESSON 43. 

Parse the lettered words . 

(See Notation of the Participle, p. 10.) 

MODEL. 

1. Let b ' m us b ' m keep the Q " v soul ^'embalmed ^in 0 " living^ 
. Q " 

^virtue. 

Embalmed is a perfect participle, passive, from the regular, transitive 
verb to embalm, (embalm, embalmed, embalmed,) and relates to soul, 
according to Rule XVI., which says, “Participles relate to nouns 
or pronouns.” — The syntactical reading is — soul embalmed. 


PROGRESSIVE EXERCISES. 


55 


_ Q „ S. s. ci. R" 

2. Thunder,' “• Q rattling, Soaring, Q rolls the R " (x woods 

x w fp. t E 

around. R " ) — 3. Now fp ' (E wouId the E jovial E sun fp > break 

w x Q" s. x 

fp -gloriously fp from Q " the Q,/ x east, E blazing s -from R " the R " 

R" x t R" s 

Summits R "of R " the R " eastern 11 " x hills, and E sparkling the Q " 

Q" x f ' Q" t R" w 

landscape s with Q " a Q " Thousand dewy R " gems ; fp while*'* 

x R" x Q" f'i t 

/,J along R " the R " x b orders R "of Q " the Q " x river (R were seen heavy R 

R x Q" R. t F" s' x 

masses*' 0 R of Q " x mist, R which, f, ‘ R like caitiffs F "disturbed 5 at Q " 

Eu Q" fi t Q" s. x 

E his Q " Approach, R made a Q " sluggish Q " fi retreat, ^rolling 8 in Q " 

t Q" x Q" 

sullen Q " x reluctance 8 up Q " the Q " x mountain. 

4. The K moon ci - K is ci on Q " x high, 

K Hung, Tike a Q " gem, s on Q " the Q " x brow Q "of Q " the Q " x sky, 

s Qa R" x Q" x Ku Q" 

K Treading Q "its R " S depths s in Q " the Q " x power Q "of Q " K her Q " x might, 

s R" ,R. ci. K." X Q" 

And K turning the R " s clouds, as ^'they 01 - R pass her, s to Q " Tight. 

Explanations. — In Ex. 3, gems is governed by of understood, and 
caitiffs by unto understood. 

In Ex. 4, her , in the last line, is in the objective after by understood. 


LESSON 44. — (On the same.) 

Parse all the words . 

1. United, we stand ; divided, we fall. — 2. He gazed en- 
raptured on the spangled canopy. — 3. Linked to thy side, 
through every chance I go. — 4. His dust lies trampled in the 
noiseless ground. — 5. Peace hath her victories, no less re- 
nowned than those of war. — 6. Here and there might be 
seen a rude wigwam perched among the cliffs of the moun- 
tains, with its curling column of smoke mounting in the 


56 


CLASS BOOK OF PARSING. 


transparent atmosphere; but so loftily situated, that the 
whoopings of the savage children, gamboling on the margin 
of the dizzy heights, fell almost as faintly on the ear, as do 
the echoes of the lark, when lost in the azure vault of 
heaven. 

7. Ye sigh not when the sun, his course fulfilled, 

His glorious course, rejoicing earth and sky, 

In the soft evening, when the winds are stilled, 

Sinks where his islands of refreshment lie, 

And leaves the smile of his departure spread 
O’er the warm colored heaven, and ruddy mountain 
head ; 

Why weep ye then for him, who having won 
The bounds of man’s appointed years, at last, 

Life’s blessings all enjoyed, life’s labors done, 

Serenely to his final rest has passed, 

While the soft memory of his virtues, yet 

Lingers like twilight hues, when the bright sun is set ? 


PROGRESSIVE EXERCISES. 


57 


XV. THE CONJUNCTION, AND THE INTERJECTION. 


LESSON 45. 

Parse all the words . 

(See Notation of the Conjunction and the Interjection, p. 13.) 
MODEL. 

y E. fs. t y oi. E. 

1. Though he fe - E were E dead, yet (E - shall he oi ) live . 

Though is a conjunction, connecting he shall live with he were dead , 
according to Rule XVII., which says, “Conjunctions connect words 
and sentences." — The syntactical reading is — he shall live though 
he were dead. 

Yet is a conjunction, correlative with though , &c. (Parse it in full.) — 
The syntactical reading is — though , &c., yet he shall live. 

2. Ha ! ha ! you fi ^thought fi me A "blind, (c did you ? fi) 

Ha is an interjection, used independently, according to Rule XVIII., 
which says, “Interjections have no grammatical dependence on 
the other words of a sentence." 

E. ci. X D." x Q" x Q" 

3. He ci E comes d to D// x you CI in QV the Q " x spirit Q ' of Q " x peace, 

y D. n'i w / E." Q 

yet you 11 ' 1 D will “''not receive "''him. — 4. The Q recollection d&ci 
°of Q " this Q " x event °swells every Q " ci heart ci with Q " x joy, and 

ci u' Q" . x Q" z y E. 

Q fills every Q " ci tongue ci with Q " x praise. — 5. Oh ! but he 6, 
fi upon Q " the Q " x brink! — 6. Eh! (C are you bi) c sure 

x Q" 

'of Q " 'it? 


^paused 


58 


CLASS BOOK OF PARSING. 


LESSON 46. — (On the same.) 

Mark aU the words. 

1. The rocks and hills of New England will remain till 
the last conflagration. — 2. I perceive, conscript fathers, that 
every look, that every eye, is fixed on me. — 8. Oh that I 
knew where I might find him! — 4. Ye shall not eat of it, 
neither shall ye touch it. — 5. The spirit, indeed, is willing, 
but the flesh is weak. — 6. Ah ! think at least thy flock de- 
serves thy care. 

T. 0 Cromwell, Cromwell, 

Had I but served my God with half the zeal 
I served my king, he would not in my age 
Have left me naked to mine enemies. 

8. Alas, what boots it with incessant care 

To tend the homely, slighted shepherd’s trade, 

And strictly meditate the thankless muse ? 

9. Arise, 0 King of grace, arise, 

And enter to thy rest: 

Lo ! thy church waits with longing eyes, 

Thus to be owned and blessed. 




PART II. 


CHOICE SELECTIONS FOR PARSING. 


SEC. I. — THE ADVANTAGES OF A THOROUGH EDUCATION. 

1 In those strangely beautiful eastern tales that fascinate 
our childhood, and rarely lose their charm in our riper 
years, you all recollect how the gorgeous imagination 
of the oriental authors delights to luxuriate upon the 
story of some young and hold adventurer, who wanders 
alone through the deep caverns of the earth, and there 
sees around him piles of golden ingots and coin, and 
massive plate and burnished armor, and hillocks of pearls 
and rubies and sapphires and emeralds and diamonds, of 
all of which the mystic talisman he unconsciously bears in 
his bosom, has made him the lord $ 

2 To the young student of our own times and country, 
the discipline of a thorough education is that talisman ; 
though of far more potent command than the one of 

3 oriental fable. Thus armed, he may climb the Muse’s 
mount, or penetrate the deepest retreats of science. 

4 There he will find hoards more precious than countless 

5 gold, or priceless gem's. He has but to desire them in- 
tensely, and they become his own ; for there are to be 
found the Genii of arts, able to change the face of nature 
and subdue the very elements: there dwell those pure 
and bright intelligences that sway the heart of man, and 

( 59 ) 


60 


CLASS BOOK OF PARSING. 


mould to their own pleasure the opinions and passions of 
6 nations. Mighty and proud spirits are they; who will 
not he commanded by wealth or power, but they bow 
themselves down before the daring and persevering stu- 
dent : voluntarily confessing themselves to be “ the slaves 
of the lamp, and of him, who is its master.” 

Ver planch. 


SEC. II. — THE LOVE OF NATURE. 

1 The love of Nature, and the scenes she draws, 

2 Is Nature’s dictate. Strange ! there should be found 
Who, self-imprisoned in their proud saloons, 
Renounce the odors of the open field 

For the unscented fictions of the loom ; 

Who, satisfied with only pencilled scenes, 

Prefer to the performance of a God 
The inferior wonders of an artist’s hand ! 

3 Lovely, indeed, the mimic works of art, 

But Nature’s works far lovelier. Oowper. 


SEC. III. — THE GRASSHOPPER. 

1 Happy insect, what can be 
In happiness compared to thee? 

2 Fed with nourishment divine, 

The dewy morning’s gentle wine ! 
Nature waits upon thee still, 

And thy verdant cup does fill: 

’T is filled wherever thou dost tread, 
Nature self’s thy Ganymede. 


CHOICE SELECTIONS FOR PARSING. 61 

3 Thou dost drink, and dance, and sing, 

Happier than the happiest king ! 

4 All the fields which thou dost see, 

All the plants belong to thee ; 

All that summer hours produce, 

Fertile made with early juice. 

5 Man for thee does sow and plough; 

Farmer he, and landlord thou! Cowley . 


SEC. IV. — THE BLIND PREACHER. 

1 One Sunday, as I travelled through the county of 
Orange, my eye was caught by a cluster of horses tied 
near a ruinous, old wooden house, in the forest, not far 

2 from the roadside. Having frequently seen such objects 
before, in travelling through these States, I had no diffi- 
culty in understanding that this was a place of religious 

3 worship. Devotion alone should have stopped me, to join 
in the duties of the congregation, but, I must confess, 
that curiosity to hear the preacher of such a wilderness, 
was not the least of my motives. 

4 On entering the house, I was struck with his preter- 

5 natural appearance. He was a tall and very spare old 
man : his head, which was covered with a white linen 
cap, his shrivelled hands, and his voice, were all shaken 
under the influence of a palsy; and a few moments 

6 ascertained to me, that he was perfectly blind. The 
first emotions which touched my breast, were those of 
mingled pity and veneration ; but ah ! how soon were all 

7 my feelings changed ! It was a day of the administra- 
tion of the sacrament ; and his subject, of course, was 

8 the passion of our Saviour. I had heard the subject 

6 


62 


CLASS BOOK OF PAUSING. 


handled a thousand times ; I had thought it exhausted 
9 long ago. Little did I suppose that in the wild woods 
of America, I was to meet a man whose eloquence would 
give to this topic, a new and more sublime pathos than I 
had ever before witnessed. 

10 As he descended from the pulpit to distribute the 
mystic symbols, there was a peculiar, a more than human 
solemnity in his air and manner, which made my blood 

11 run cold, and my whole frame shiver. He then drew a 
picture of the sufferings of our Saviour ; his trial before 
Pilate ; his ascent up Calvary ; his crucifixion ; and his 

12 death. I knew the whole history, but never, until then, 
had I heard the circumstances so selected : so arranged : 

13 so colored ! It was all new ; and I seemed to have heard 

14 it for the first time in my life. His enunciation was so 
deliberate, that his voice trembled on every syllable ; 
and every heart in the assembly trembled in unison. 

15 His peculiar phrases had that force of description, 
that the original scene appeared to be at that moment 

16 acting before our eyes. We saw the very faces of the 
Jews; (the staring, frightful distortions of malice and 
rage ;) we saw the buffet ; — my soul kindled with a flame 
of indignation; and my hands were involuntarily and 

17 convulsively clinched. But when he came to touch on 
the patience, the forgiving meekness of our Saviour; 
when he drew to the life, his blessed eyes streaming in 
tears to heaven, his voice breathing to God a soft and 
gentle prayer of pardon on his enemies, “ Father, for- 
give them, for they know not what they do ;” — the voice 
of the preacher, which had all along faltered, grew fainter 
and fainter, until, his utterance being entirely obstructed 
by the force of his feelings, he raised his handkerchief 
to his eyes, and burst into a loud and irrepressible flood 


CHOICE SELECTIONS FOR PARSING. 63 

18 of grief. The effect is inconceivable : the whole house 
resounded with the mingled groans, and sobs, and shrieks 
of the congregation. 

19 It was some time before the tumult had subsided, so 

20 far as to permit him to proceed. Indeed, judging by the 
fallacious standard of my own weakness, I began to be 
very uneasy for the situation of the preacher ; for I could 
not conceive, how he would be able to let his audience 
down from the height to which he had wound them, with- 
out impairing the solemnity and dignity of his subject, 
or perhaps shocking them by the abruptness of the fall. 

21 But the descent was as beautiful and sublime as the ele- 
vation had been rapid and enthusiastic. 

22 The first sentence which broke the awful silence, was 
a quotation from Bousseau : “ Socrates died like a philo- 

23 sopher, but Jesus Christ — like a God !”• — Never before 

did I completely understand what Demosthenes meant by 
laying such stress on delivery. Wirt . 


SEC. V. — THE SABBATH. 

1 How still the morning of the hallowed day ! 

2 Mute is the voice of rural labor, hushed 

The ploughboy’s whistle and the milkmaid’s song. 

3 The scythe lies glittering in the dewy wreath 
Of tedded grass, mingled with fading flowers, 
That yester-morn bloomed waving in the breeze. 

4 Sounds the most faint attract the ear, — the hum 
Of early bee, the trickling of the dew, 

The distant bleating midway up the hill. 

5 Calmness sits throned on yon unmoving cloud. 

6 To him who wanders o’er the upland leas, 


64 


CLASS BOOK OF PARSING. 


The blackbird’s note comes mellower from the dale ; 
And sweeter from the sky the gladsome lark 
Warbles with heaven-tuned song; the lulling brook 
Murmurs more gently down the deep-worn glen ; 
While from yon lowly roof, whose curling smoke 
O’ermounts the mist, is heard, at intervals, 

The voice of psalms, — the simple song of praise. 

7 With dove-like wings, Peace o’er yon village broods 
The dizzying mill-wheel rests; the anvil’s din 
Hath ceased ; all, all around is quietness. 

8 Less fearful on this day, the limping hare 
Stops, and looks back, and stops, and looks on' man, 

9 Her deadliest foe. The toil-worn horse, set free, 
Unheedful of the pasture, roams at large ? 

And, as his stiff, unwieldy bulk he rolls, 

His iron-armed hoofs gleam in the morning ray. 

10 But chiefly Man the day of rest enjoys. 

11 Hail, Sabbath ! thee I hail, the poor man’s day 

12 On other days the man of toil is doomed 
To eat his joyless bread, lonely ; the ground 

Both seat and board ; screened from the winter’s cold, 
And summer’s heat, by neighboring hedge or tree ; 
But on this day, imbosomed in his home, 

He shares the frugal meal with those he loves ; 

With those he loves he shares the heart-felt joy 
Of giving thanks to God, — not thanks of form, 

A word and a grimace, but reverently, 

With covered face and upward, earnest eye. 

18 Hail, Sabbath ! thee I hail, the poor man’s day : 
The pale mechanic now has leave to breathe 
The morning air, pure from the city’s smoke ; 

While, wandering slowly up the river’s side, 

He meditates on Him, whose power he marks 


CHOICE SELECTIONS FOR PARSING. 65 

In each green tree that proudly spreads the hough, 

As in the tiny dew-bent flowers that bloom 
Around its roots ; and while he thus surveys, 

With elevated joy, each rural charm, 

He hopes, yet fears presumption in the hope, 

To reach those realms where Sabbath never ends. 

G-rahame. 


SEC. VI. — GINEVRA. 

1 She was an only child ; from infancy 
The joy, the pride of an indulgent sire. 

2 Her mother dying of the gift she gave, 

That precious gift, what else remained to him ? 

3 The young Ginevra was his all in life, 

Still as she grew, for ever in his sight ; 

And in her fifteenth year became a bride, 
Marrying an only son, Francesco Doria, 

Her playmate from her birth, and her first love. 

4 Just as she looks there in her bridal dress, 

She was all gentleness, all gaiety, 

Her pranks the favorite theme of every tongue. 

5 But now the day was come, the day, the hour ; 
Now, frowning, smiling, for the hundredth time, 
The nurse, that ancient lady, preached decorum ; 
And, in the lustre of her youth, she gave 

Her hand, with her heart in it, to Francesco. 

Rogers. 


6 * 


CLASS BOOK OF PARSING. 


SEC. VII. — MOSES SMITING THE ROCK. 

1 On the parch’d plains the tribes of Israel lay, 
Fatigued and sad, to raging thirst a prey : 

In that lone region, in that desert drear, 

Ho streamlet’s murmur stole upon the ear ; 

No brook pellucid glanc’d its light along, 

To cheer the vision of that fainting throng. 

2 Naught met the eye save Horeb’s rock that frown’d, 
In gloomy grandeur on the scene around. 

8 At its broad base, behold the patriarch stand, 

And with his rod, at the Divine command, 

Smite its dark front : o’erawed by Power Supreme, 
Its riven breast expelled a copious stream ; 

The new-born waters pour’d their torrents wide, 

And foam’d and thunder’d down its craggy side. 

4 At the glad sound each Hebrew mother there 
Her infant clasp’d, and look'd to Heaven a prayer : 
Joy thrilled all hearts ; for lo ! the sunbeams play, 
In radiant glory, on the flashing spray 
That dash’d its crystals o’er the rocky pile, 

A beauteous emblem of Jehovah’s smile. 

Van Vranken . 


SEC. VIII. — THE SURVIVORS OF THE BATTLE OF BUNKER HILL. 

1 Venerable men ! you have come down to us from a for- 

2 mer generation. Heaven has bounteously lengthened out 
8 your lives, that you might behold this joyous day. You 

are now, where you stood, fifty years ago, this very hour, 
with your brothers, and your neighbors, shoulder to 
4 shoulder, in the strife of your country. — But, alas ! you 


CHOICE SELECTIONS FOR PARSING. 67 

are not all here ! time and the sword have thinned your 

5 ranks. Prescott, Putnam, Stark, Brooks, Read, Pome- 
roy, Bridge ! our eyes seek for you in vain amidst this 
broken hand ; you are gathered to your fathers, and live 
only to your country in her grateful remembrance, and 

6 your own bright example. But let us not too much grieve 
that you have met the common fate of men ; you lived, 
at least, long enough to know that your work had been 

7 nobly and successfully accomplished. You lived to see 
your country’s independence established, and to sheathe 

8 your swords from war. On the light of liberty you saw 
arise the light of Peace, like 

Another morn, 

Risen on mid-noon ; 

and the sky on which you closed your eyes, was cloud- 

9 less. But — ah ! — him ! the first great martyr in this 
great cause ! him ! the premature victim of his own self- 
devoted heart ! him ! the head of our civil councils, and 
the destined leader of our military bands ; whom nothing 
brought hither, but the unquenchable fire of his own 
spirit : him ! cut off by Providence, in the hour of over- 
whelming anxiety and thick gloom : falling, ere he saw 
the star of his country rise : pouring out his generous 
blood, like water, before he knew whether it would fer- 
tilize a land of freedom, or of bondage ! how shall I 
struggle with the emotions that stifle the utterance of 

10 thy name ! — Our poor work may perish, but thine shall 

11 endure ! This monument may moulder away ; the solid 
ground it rests upon may sink down to a level with the 

12 sea ; but thy memory shall not fail ! Wheresoever among 

men, a heart shall be found, that beats to the transports 
of patriotism and liberty, its aspirations shall be to claim 
kindred 'with thy spirit. Webster . 


68 CLASS BOOK OF PARSING. 

SEC. IX. — THE SPIRIT OF INDEPENDENCE. 

Thy spirit, Independence, let me share, 

Lord of the lion-heart and eagle-eye, 

Thy steps I’ll follow with my bosom bare ; 

Nor heed the storm that howls along the sky. 

Smollet . 


SEC. X. — THE MARTYRS. 

1 What heard I then ? 2 A ringing shriek of pain, 

Such as forever haunts the tortured ear ? 

8 I heard a sweet and solemn-breathing strain, 

Piercing the flames, untremulous and clear ! 

4 The rich triumphal tones ! — I knew them well, 

As they came floating with a breezy swell ! 

5 Man’s voice was there : a clarion voice to cheer 
In the. mid-battle : ay, to turn the flying : 

Woman’s : that might have sung of heaven beside the 
dying ! 

6 It was a fearful, yet a glorious thing, 

To hear that hymn of martyrdom, and know 
That its glad stream of melody could spring 
Up from the unsounded gulfs of human woe ! 

7 Alvar ! Theresa ! what is deep ? what strong ? 

8 God’s breath within the soul ! 9 It filled that song 

From your victorious voices ! — but the glow 

On the hot and lurid air increased : 

Faint grew the sounds : more faint : I listened : they had 
ceased ! 


CHOICE SELECTIONS FOR PARSING. 69 


10 And thou indeed hadst perished, my soul’s friend ! 

11 I might form other ties, hut thou alone 
Couldst with a glance the veil of dimness rend, 

By other years o’er boyhood’s memory thrown ! 

12 Others might aid me forward ; thou and I 
Had mingled the fresh thoughts that early die : 

Once flowering, never more ! — 13 And thouwert gone ! 

14 Who could give back my youth, my spirit free; 

Or be in aught again what thou hadst been to me ? 

15 And yet I wept thee not, thou true and brave ! 

16 I could not weep ! there gathered round thy name 
Too deep a passion ! IT Thou denied a grave ! 

18 Thou , with a blight flung on thy soldier’s fame ! 

19 Had I not known thy heart from childhood’s time ? 
Thy heart of hearts ? and couldst thou die for crime ? 

20 No ! had all earth decreed that death of shame, 

I would have set, against all earth’s decree, 

The inalienable trust of my firm soul in thee ! 

411 TCemans . 


SEC. XI. — EXTRACT FROM “ RELIGIO LAICI.” 

1 Barest thou, poor worm, offend Infinity ? 

And must the terms of peace be given by thee ? 

2 Then thou art Justice in the last appeal ; 

Thy easy God instructs thee to rebel : 

And, like a king remote, and weak, must take 
What satisfaction thou art pleased to make. 

3 But if there be a power too just and strong 
To wink at crimes, and bear unpunished wrong ; 
Look humbly upward, see his will disclose 

The forfeit first, and then the fine impose : 


70 CLASS BOOK OF PARSING. 

A mulct thy poverty could never pay, 

Had not eternal wisdom found the way ; 

And with celestial Wealth supplied thy store : 

His justice makes the fine, his mercy quits the score. 
4 See God descending in thy human frame ; 

The offended suffering in the offender’s name ; 

All thy misdeeds to him imputed see, 

And all his righteousness devolved on thee. 

Dryden . 


SEC. XII. — FROM COLLINS’ ODE ON THE PASSIONS. 

But oh ! how altered was its sprightly tone, 

When Cheerfulness, a nymph of healthiest hue, 

Her bow across her shoulder flung, 

Her buskins gemmed with morning dew, 

Blew an inspiring air, that dale and thicket rung-, 

The hunter’s call, to Faun and Dryad known ; 

The oak-crowned sisters, and their chaste-eyed queen, 
Satyr and sylvan boys, were seen 
Peeping from forth their alleys green ; 

Brown Exercise rejoiced to hear. 

And Sport leaped up, and seized his beechen spear. 


SEC. XIII. — hamlet’s soliloquy. 

1 To be, or not to be ? 2 That is the question : — 
Whether ’tis nobler in the mind, to suffer 
The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune 
Or take up arms against a sea of troubles, 

3 And, by opposing, end them. To die — to sleep. 


CHOICE SELECTIONS FOR PARSING. 71 

4 No more ? and, by a sleep, to say we end 

The heart-ache, and the thousand natural shocks 

5 That flesh is heir to ? ’Tis a consummation 

6 Devoutly to be wished. To die — to sleep : 

7 To sleep ! perchance to dream ! Ay : there’s the rub ; 
For in that sleep of death what dreams may come, 
When we have shuffled off this mortal coil, 

8 Must give us pause. There’s the respect, 

That makes calamity of so long life ; 

For who would bear the whips and scorns of time, 

The oppressor’s wrong, the proud man’s contumely, 

The pangs of despised love, the law’s delay, 

The insolence of office, and the spurns 
That patient merit of the unworthy takes, 

When he himself might his quietus make 
With a bare bodkin ? who would fardels bear 
To grunt and sweat under a weary life ; 

But that the dread of something after death,— 

That undiscovered country, from whose bourn 
No traveller returns, — puzzles the will ; 

And makes us rather bear those ills we have, 

Than fly to others that we know not of? 


SEC. XIV. — A WINTER-SCENE. 

1 It was a night of extraordinary beauty. 2 The full 
moon was high in the heavens at midnight ; and there had 
been a slight shower soon after sunset, which, with the 
clearing up wind, had frozen thinly into a most fragile 
rime, and glazed everything open to the sky with trans- 
3 parent crystal. The distant forest looked serried with 
metallic trees, dazzling and unspeakably gorgeous ; and, 


72 


CLASS BOOK OF PARSING. 


as the night wind stirred through them, and shook their 
crystal points in the moonlight, the aggregated stars of 
heaven springing from their Maker’s hand to the spheres 
of their destiny, or the march of the host of the arch- 
angel Michael, with their irradiate spear-points glittering 
in the air, or the diamond beds of central earth thrust up 
to the sun in some throe of the universe, would, each and 
all, have been well bodied forth by such similitude. 

Willis. 


SEC. XV. — WE SHOULD HOPE AND TRUST, NOTWITHSTANDING 
THE INSCRUTABLE MYSTERIES OF PROVIDENCE. 

1 Strange, that the wind should be left so free 
To play with the flower, or tear a tree ; 

To range or ramble where’er it will, 

And, as it lists, to be fierce or still ; 

Above and around to breathe of life, 

Or to mingle the earth and sky in strife ; 

Gently to whisper, w T ith morning light, 

Or to growl like a fettered fiend at night ; 

Or to love, and cherish, and bless to-day, 

What to-morrow it ruthlessly rends away ! 

2 Strange, that the sun should call into birth, 

All the fair flowers and fruits of earth, 

Then bid them perish and see them die, 

While they cheer the soul and gladden the eye ! 

3 At morn, its child is the pride of spring ; 

At night, a shrivelled and loathsome thing ! 

4 To-day, there is hope and life in its breath ; 

To-morrow it shrinks to a useless death ! 

5 Strange, doth it seem, that the sun should joy 
To give life, alone, that it may destroy ! 


CHOICE SELECTIONS FOR PARSING. 73 

Strange, that the ocean should come and go, 

With its daily and nightly ebb and flow ; 

Should hear on its placid breast at morn 
The bark that, ere night, will he tempest-torn ; 

Or cherish it all the way it must roam, 

To leave it a wreck within sight of home ; 

To smile, as the mariner’s toils are o’er, 

Then wash the dead to the cottage door ; 

And gently ripple along the strand, 

To watch the widow behold him land ! 

But stranger than all that man should die, 

When his plans are formed, and his hopes are high. 

6 He walks forth a lord of the earth to-day, 

And to-morrow beholds him a part of its clay ; 

He is horn in sorrow, and cradled in pain ; 

And from youth to age, it is labor in vain ; 

And all that seventy years can show, 

Is that wealth is trouble, and wisdom woe : 

That he travels a path of care and strife, 

Who drinks of the poisoned cup of life ! 

7 Alas ! if we murmur at things like these, 

That reflection tells us are wise decrees ; 

That the wind is not ever a gentle breath ; 

That the sun is often the hearer of death ; 

That the ocean wave is not always still ; 

That life is chequered with good and ill ; 

If we know ’t is well, that such change should be, 

What do we learn from the things we see ? 

8 That an erring and sinning child of dust, 

Should not wonder, nor murmur, hut hope and trust. 


7 


74 


CLASS BOOK OF PARSING. 




SEC. XVI. — COMBAT OF RODERICK DHU AND FITZ-JAMES. 

1 Then each at once his falchion drew, 

Each on the ground his scabbard threw, 

Each looked to sun, and stream, and plain, 

As what they ne’er might see again ; 

Then foot, and point, and eye opposed, 

In dubious strife they darkly closed. 

2 111 fared it now with Roderick Dhu, 

That on the field his targe he threw, 

Whose brazen studs and tough bull-hide 
Had death so often dashed aside ; 

For trained abroad his arms to wield, 

Eitz- James’s blade was sword and shield. 

3 He practised every pass and ward, 

To thrust, to strike, to feint, to guard ; 

While less expert, though stronger far, 

The Gael maintained unequal war. 

4 Three times in closing strife they stood, 

And thrice the Saxon blade drank blood. 

5 Fierce Roderick felt the fatal drain, 

And showered his blows like wintry rain ; 

And, as firm rock, or castle roof, 

Against the winter shower is proof, 

The foe, invulnerable still, 

Foiled his wild rage by steady skill ; 

Till, at advantage ta’en, his brand 
Forced Roderick’s weapon from his hand, 

And, backward borne upon the lea, 

Brought the proud Chieftain to his knee. 

6 “Now, yield thee, or — — ” the Saxon said, 

“ Thy heart’s blood, Chieftain, dyes my blade !” — 


CHOICE SELECTIONS FOR PARSING. 75 


7 “Thy threats, thy mercy, I defy! 

Let recreant yield who fears to die.” 

8 — Like adder darting from his coil, 

Like wolf that dashes through the toil, 
Like mountain cat who guards her young, 
Full at Fitz- James’s throat he sprung ; 
Received, but recked not of a wound; 

And locked his arms his foeman round. 

9 Now, gallant Saxon, hold thine own ! 

No maiden’s arm is round thee thrown ! 
That desperate grasp thy frame might feel, 
Through bars of brass and triple steel ! — 

10 They tug, they strain, down, down they go, 
The Gael above, Fitz- James below. 

11 The Chieftain’s gripe his throat compressed , 
His knee was planted in his breast; 

His clotted locks he backward threw, 
Across his brow his hand he drew, 

From blood and mist to clear his sight, 
Then gleamed aloft his dagger bright! 

12 — But hate and fury ill supplied 
The stream of life’s exhausted tide ; 

And all too late th’ advantage came, # 

To turn the odds of deadly game; 

For, while the dagger gleamed on high, 
Reeled soul and sense, reeled brain and eye. 

18 Down came the blow ! but in the heath 
The erring blade found bloodless sheath. 
14 The struggling foe may now unclasp 
The fainting chief’s relaxing grasp; 
Unwounded from the dreadful close, 

But breathless all, Fitz- James arose. 


Scott 


76 


CLASS BOOK OF PARSING. 


SEC. XVII. — GESLER AND TELL. 

1 Gesler. Why speak’st thou not? 

2 Tell . For wonder. 

3 G-es. Wonder ? 

4 Tell. Yes; 

That thou shouldst seem a man. 

5 G-es. What should I seem? 

6 Tell. A monster ! 

7 Ges. Ha ! Beware ! Think on thy chains. 

8 Tell. Though they were doubled, and did weigh me 

down 

Prostrate to earth, methinks I could rise up 
Erect, with nothing but the honest pride 
Of telling thee, usurper, to thy teeth, 

9 Thou art a monster ! Think upon my chains ! 

10 Show me the link of them, which, could it speak, 
Would give its evidence against my word. 

11 Think on my chains ! Think on my chains ! — - 

12 How came they on me? 

13 Ges. Darest thou question me ? 

14 Tell. Darest thou not answer? 

15 Ges. Do I hear? 

16 Tell. Thou dost. 

17 Ges. Beware of my vengeance. 

18 Tell. Can it more than kill ? 

19 Ges. Enough, it can do that. 

20 Tell. No — not enough: 

It cannot take away the grace of life, 

Its comeliness of look that virtue gives, 

Its port erect with consciousness of truth, 

Its rich attire of honourable deeds, 


CHOICE SELECTIONS FOR PARSING. 77 

Its fair report, that’s rife on good men’s tongues ; 

It cannot lay its hands on these, no more 
Than it can pluck its brightness from the sun, 

Or, with polluted finger, tarnish it. 

21 G-es. But it can make thee writhe. 

22 Tell. It may. 

23 Ges. And groan. 

24 Tell . It may ; and I may cry, 

Go on, though it should make me groan again. 

25 Ges. Whence comest thou? 

26 Tell. From the mountains. 27 Wouldst thou learn 
What news from them? 

28 Ges. Ganst tell me any? 

29 Tell. Ay: 

They watch no more the avalanche. 

30 Ges. Why so? 

31 Tell. Because they look for thee. 32 The hurricane 
Comes unawares upon them ; from its bed 

The torrent breaks, and finds them in its track. 

33 Ges. What do they then? 

34 Tell. Thank Heaven it is not thou! 

35 Thou hast perverted nature in them. 36 The earth 
Presents her fruits to them, and is not thanked. 

37 The harvest sun is constant, and they scarce 
Return his smile ; their flocks and herds increase, 

And they look on as men who count a loss ; 

They hear of thriving children born to them, 

And never shake the teller by the hand; 

While those they have, they see grow up and flourish, 

And think as little of caressing them, 

As they were things a deadly plague had smit. 

38 There’s not a blessing Heaven vouchsafes them, but 
The thought of thee doth wither to a curse, 

7* 


78 


CLASS BOOK OF PARSING. 


As something they must lose, and richer were 
To lack. 

39 Gres. That’s right ! 40 I’d have them like their hills, 
That never smile, though wanton summer tempt 
Them e’er so much. 

41 Tell. But they do sometimes smile. 

42 Gf-es. Ay? When is that? 

43 Tell. When they do talk of vengeance. 

44 Gres. Vengeance? 45 Dare 
They talk of that? 

46 Tell. Ay, and expect it, too. 

47 Gres. From whence? 

48 Tell. From Heaven ! 

49 Gres. From Heaven? 

50 Tell. And the true hands 

Are lifted up to it, on every hill, 

For justice on thee. 


SEC. XVIII. — MORAL GREATNESS AND BEAUTY SUPERIOR TO 
THAT WHICH IS MATERIAL. 

1 Look, then, abroad through Nature, to the range 
Of planets, suns, and adamantine spheres, 

Wheeling unshaken through the void immense ; 

And speak, oh man ! does this capacious scene 
With half that kindling majesty dilate 
Thy strong conception, as when Brutus rose 
Refulgent from the stroke of Caesar’s fate, 

Amid the crowd of patriots ; and his arm 
Aloft extending, like eternal Jove 
When guilt brings down the thunder, called aloud 
On Tully’s name, and shook his crimson steel, 


CHOICE SELECTIONS FOR PARSING. 79 

And bade the father of his country, hail l 
For lo ! the tyrant prostrate on the dust, 

2 And Rome again is free ! Is aught so fair 
In all the dewy landscapes of the spring, 

In the bright eye of Hesper, or the morn, 

In Nature’s fairest forms, is aught so fair 
As virtuous friendship ? as the candid blush 
Of him who strives with fortune to be just ? 

The graceful tear that streams for others’ woes, 

Or the mild majesty of private life, 

Where Peace, with ever-blooming olive, crowns 
The gate ; where Honour’s liberal hands effuse 
Unenvied treasures, and the snowy wings 
Of Innocence and Love protect the scene ? 

ATcenside. 


SEC. XIX. — EXTRACTS FROM COWPER’S POEMS. 

1 My mother ! when I learned that thou wast dead, 
Say, wast thou conscious of the tears I shed ? 

2 Hovered thy spirit o’er thy sorrowing son, 

Wretch even then, life’s journey just begun ? 

3 Perhaps thou gavest me, though unseen, a kiss ; 
Perhaps a tear, if souls can weep in bliss — 

Ah, that maternal smile ! it answers — Yes. 

4 I heard the bell tolled on thy burial day, 

I saw the hearse that bore thee slow away, 

And, turning from my nursery window, drew 
A long, long sigh, and wept a last adieu ! 

5 But was it such ? 6 It was. 7 Where thou art gone, 
Adieus and farewells are a sound unknown. 

8 May I but meet thee on that peaceful shore, 

The parting sound shall pass my lips no more ! 


80 


CLASS BOOK OF PARSING. 


(FROM THE TASK.) 

9 Hark ! ’t is the twanging horn o’er yonder bridge, 
That with its wearisome but needful length 
Bestrides the wintry flood, in which the moon 
Sees her unwrinkled face reflected bright ; 

He comes, the herald of a noisy world, 

With spattered hoots, strapped waist, and frozen locks, 
News from all nations lumbering at his hack. 

10 True to his charge, the close-packed load behind, 

Yet careless what he brings, his one concern 

Is to conduct it to the destined inn ; 

And having dropped the expected bag, pass on. 

11 He whistles as He goes, light-hearted wretch ! 

Cold and yet cheerful : messenger of grief 
Perhaps to thousands, and of joy to some ; 

To him indifferent whether grief or joy. 

12 Houses in ashes, and the fall of stocks, 

Births, deaths, and marriages, epistles wet 
With tears, that trickled down the writer’s cheeks 
Fast as the periods from his fluent quill, 

Or charged with amorous sighs of absent swains, 

Or nymphs responsive, equally affect 
His horse and him, unconscious of them all. 


13 0 Winter ! ruler of the inverted year, 

I crown thee king of intimate delights, 
Eire-side enjoyments, home-born happiness, 
And all the comforts that the lowly roof 
Of undisturbed retirement, and the hours 
Of long uninterrupted evening, know. 


CHOICE SELECTIONS FOR PARSING. 81 


14 No rattling wheels stop short before these gates ; 

No powdered pert proficient in the art 

Of sounding an alarm assaults the doors 
Till the street rings ; no stationary steeds 
Cough their own knell, while, heedless of the sound, 
The silent circle fan themselves, and quake : 

But here the needle plies its busy task, 

The pattern grows, the well-depicted flower, 
Wrought patiently into the snowy lawn, 

Unfolds its bosom : buds, and leaves, and sprigs, 
And curling tendrils, gracefully disposed, 

Follow the nimble finger of the fair ; 

A wreath, that cannot fade, of flowers that blow 
With most success when all besides decay. 

15 The poet’s or historian’s page by one 
Made vocal for the amusement of the rest ; 

The sprightly lyre, whose treasure of sweet sounds 
The touch from many a trembling chord shakes out ; 
And the clear voice symphonious, yet distinct, 

And in the charming strife triumphant still, 

Beguile the night, and set a keener edge 
On female industry : the threaded steel 
Flies swiftly, and unfelt the task proceeds. 

16 The volume closed, the customary rites 

17 Of the last meal commence. A Roman meal ; 

Such as the mistress of the world once found 
Delicious, when her patriots of high note, 

Perhaps by moonlight, at their humble doors, 

And under an old oak’s domestic shade, 

Enjoyed, spare feast ! a radish and an egg. 

18 Discourse ensues, not trivial, yet not dull, 

Nor such as with a frown forbids the play 
Of fancy, or proscribes the sound of mirth : 


82 CLASS BOOK OF PARSING. 

Nor do we madly, like an impious world, 

Who deem religion frenzy, and the God 
That made them an intruder on their joys, 

Start at his awful name, or deem his praise 

19 A jarring note. Themes of a graver tone, 
Exciting oft our gratitude and love, 

While we retrace with memory’s pointing wand, 
That calls the past to our exact review, 

The dangers we have ’scaped, the broken snare, 
The disappointed foe, deliverance found 
Unlooked for, life preserved and peace restored, 
Fruits of omnipotent eternal love. 

20 0 evenings worthy of the gods ! exclaimed 

21 The Sabine bard. 0 evenings, I reply, 

More to be prized and coveted than yours ! 

As more illumined, and with nobler truths, 

That I, and mine, and those we love, enjoy. 


SEC. XX. — EXTRACTS FROM POPE’S ESSAY ON MAN. 

1 Respecting man, whatever wrong we call, 

May, — must be right, as relative to all. 

2 In human works, though laboured on with pain, 

A thousand movements scarce one purpose gain ; 

In God’s one single can its end produce, 

Yet serves to second too some other use : 

So man, who here seems principal alone, 

Perhaps acts second to some sphere unknown, 

Touches some wheel, or verges to some goal : 

’T is but a part we see, and not a whole. 

8 When the proud steed shall know why man restrains 
His fiery course, or drives him o’er the plains : 


CHOICE SELECTIONS FOR PARSING. 83 

When the dull ox, why now he breaks the clod, 

Is now a victim, and now Egypt’s god ; 

Then shall man’s pride and dulnesS comprehend 
His actions’, passions’, being’s, use and end ; 

Why doing, suffering, checked, impelled, and why 
This hour a slave, the next a deity. 

4 Then say not man’s imperfect, Heaven in fault ; 

Say rather man’s as perfect as he ought ; 

His knowledge measured to his state and place, 

His time a moment, and a point his space. 

5 If to be perfect in a certain sphere, 

What matter soon or late, or here or there ? 

6 The blest to-day is as completely so 
As who began a thousand years ago. 


T On superior powers 
Were we to press, inferior might on ours 
Or in the full creation leave a void, 

Where, one step broken, the great scale’s destroyed : 
From Nature’s chain whatever link you strike, 
Tenth, or ten-thousandth, breaks the chain alike. 

8 What if the foot ordained the dust to tread, 

Or hand to toil, aspired to be the head ? 

9 What if the head, the eye, or ear, repined 
To serve mere engines to the ruling mind ? 

10 Just as absurd for any part to claim 
To be another in this general frame ; 

Just as absurd to mourn the tasks, or pains, 

The great directing Mind of all ordains. 

11 All are but parts of one stupendous whole, 

Whose body Nature is, and God the soul ; 

That, changed through all, and yet in all the same, 
Great in the earth as in the ethereal frame, 


84 CLASS BOOK OF PARSING. 

Warms in the sun, refreshes in the breeze, 

Glows in the stars, and blossoms in the trees ; 
Lives through all life, extends through all extent, 
Spreads undivided, operates unspent; 

Breathes in our soul, informs our mortal part, 

As full, as perfect, in a hair as heart; 

As full, as perfect, in vile man that mourns 
As the rapt seraph that adores and burns : 

To him no high, no low, no great, no small ; 

He fills, he bounds, connects, and equals all ! 

12 Cease then, nor order imperfection name ; 

Our proper, bliss depends on what we blame. 

13 Know thy own point : this kind, this due degree 
Of blindness, weakness, Heaven bestows on thee. 

14 Submit — in this or any other sphere, 

Secure to be as blest as thou canst bear; 

Safe in the hand of one disposing Power, 

Or in the natal or the mortal hour. 

15 All nature is but art unknown to thee; 

All chance direction, which thou canst not see ; 
All discord, harmony not understood; 

All partial evil, universal good : 

And spite of pride, in erring reason’s spite, 

One truth is clear, Whatever is is right. 


16 What nothing earthly gives, or can destroy, 
The soul’s calm sunshine, and the heartfelt joy, 
Is virtue’s prize : a better would you fix ? 

IT Then give Humility a coach and six, 

Justice a conqueror’s sword, or Truth a gown, 

Or Public Spirit its great cure, a crown. 

18 Weak, foolish man ! will heaven reward us there 
With the same trash mad mortals wish for here ? 


CHOICE SELECTIONS FOR PARSING. 85 

19 The boy and man an individual makes, 

Yet sighest thou now for apples and for cakes ? 

20 Go, like the Indian, in another life 
Expect thy dog, thy bottle, and thy wife ; 

As well as dream such trifles are assigned, 

As toys and empires, for a godlike mind. 

21 Rewards, that either would to virtue bring 
No joy, or be destructive of the thing ; 

How oft by these at sixty are undone 
The virtues of a saint at twenty-one ! 

22 To whom can riches give repute or trust, 

Content, or pleasure, but the good and just ? 

23 Judges and senates have been bought for gold ; 

Esteem and love were never to be sold. 

24 Oh fool ! to think God hates the worthy mind, 

The lover and the love of humankind, 

Whose life is healthful, and whose conscience clear, 
Because he wants a thousand pounds a-year. 

25 What’s fame ? 26 A fancied life in others’ breath — 
A thing beyond us, even before our death. 

2T Just what you hear, you have ; and what’s unknown, 

The same (my lord) if Tully’s, or your own. 

28 All that we feel of it begins and ends 
In the small circle of our foes or friends ; 

To all beside as much an empty shade, 

An Eugene living, as a Caesar dead; 

Alike or when or where they shone or shine, 

Or on the Rubicon, or on the Rhine. 

29 A wit’s a feather, and a chief a rod; 

An honest man’s the noblest work of God. 

30 Fame but from death a villain’s name can save, 

As justice tears his body from the grave; 

8 


86 


CLASS BOOK OF PARSING. 


When what to oblivion better were resigned, 

Is hung on high to poison half mankind. 

31 All fame is foreign but of true desert; 

Plays round the head, but comes not to the heart : 
One self-approving hour whole years outweighs 
Of stupid starers, and of loud huzzas; 

And more true joy Marcellus exiled feels, 

Than Caesar with a senate at his heels. 


SEC. XXI. — EXTRACTS FROM YOUNG’S NIGHT THOUGHTS. 

1 0 Thou, whose word from solemn darkness struck 
That spark, the sun : strike wisdom from my soul ; 
My soul, which flies to Thee, her trust, her treasure, 
As misers to their gold, while others rest. 

2 Through this opaque of nature, and of soul, 

This double night, transmit one pitying ray, 

To lighten and to cheer. 


3 Why then their loss deplore, that are not lost ? 

4 Why wanders wretched thought their tombs around 

5 In infidel distress? Are angels there? 

6 Slumbers, raked up in dust, ethereal fire ? 


7 This is the bud of being, the dim dawn, 
The twilight of our day, the vestibule : 

Life’s theatre as yet is shut, and death, 
Strong death alone, can heave the massy bar, 
This gross impediment of clay remove, 

And make us, embryos of existence, free. 

8 From real life, but little more remote 
Is he, not yet a candidate for light, 

The future embryo slumbering in his sire. 


CHOICE SELECTIONS FOR PARSING. 8T 

9 Embryos we must be, till we burst the shell, 

Yon ambient azure shell, and spring to life, 

The life of gods, oh transport ! and of man. 

10 Yet man, fool man ! here buries all his thoughts ; 
Inters celestial hopes without one sigh. 

11 Prisoner of earth, and pent beneath the moon, 

Here pinions all his wishes ; winged by heaven 
To fly at infinite : and reach it there 

Where seraphs gather immortality, 

On life’s fair tree, fast by the throne of God. 

12 What golden joys ambrosial clustering glow 
In his full beam, and ripen for the just, 

Where momentary ages are no more ! 

Where time, and pain, and chance, and death expire ! 

18 And is it in the flight of threescore years 
To push eternity from human thought, 

And smother souls immortal in the dust ? 

14 A soul immortal, spending all her fires, 

Wasting her strength in strenuous idleness, 

Thrown into tumult, raptured or alarmed, 

At aught this scene can threaten or indulge, 

Resembles ocean into tempest wrought, 

To waft a feather, or to drown a fly. 


15 In human hearts what bolder thought can rise, 
Than man’s presumption on to-morrow’s dawn ? 

16 Where is to-morrow ? IT In another world. 

18 For numbers this is certain ; the reverse 

Is sure to none ; and yet on this perhaps, 

This peradventure, infamous for lies, 

As on a rock of adamant, we build 

Our mountain hopes ; spin out eternal schemes, 


88 


CLASSBOOK OF PARSING. 


As we the fatal sisters could out-spin, 
And, big with life’s futurities, expire. 


19 He sees with other eyes than tneirs : where they 
Behold a sun, he spies a Deity. 

20 What makes them only smile, makes him adore. 

21 Where they see mountains, he but atoms sees. 

22 An empire in his balance weighs a grain. 

23 They things terrestrial worship as divine ; 

His hopes, immortal, blow them by as dust 
That dims his sight, and shortens his survey, 

Which longs in infinite to lose all bound. 


24 0 treacherous conscience ! while she seems to sleep 
On rose and myrtle, lulled with syren song ; 

While she seems nodding o’er her charge, to drop 
On headlong appetite the slackened rein, 

And give us up to license, unrecalled, 

Unmarked ; — see, from behind her secret stand, 
The sly informer minutes every fault, 

And her dread diary with horror fills. 

25 Not the gross act alone employs her pen ; 

She reconnoitres Fancy’s airy band, 

A watchful foe ! the formidable spy, 

Listening, o’erhears the whispers of our camp, 

Our dawning purposes of heart explores, 

And steals our embryos of iniquity. 

26 As all-rapacious usurers conceal 

Their Doomsday-book from all-consuming heirs ; 
Thus, with indulgence most severe, she treats 
Us spendthrifts of inestimable time ; 

Unnoted, notes each moment misapplied ; 

In leaves more durable than leaves of brass 


CHOICE SELECTIONS FOR PARSING. 89 

Writes our whole history, which Death shall, read 
In every pale delinquent’s private ear, 

And judgment publish ; publish to more worlds 
Than this ; and endless age in groans resound. 


27 Hast thou no friend to set thy mind abroach ? 

28 Good sense will stagnate. 29 Thoughts shut up, want air, 
And spoil, like bales unopened to the sun. 

30 Had thought been all, sweet speech had been denied : 
Speech, thought’s canal ! speech, thought’s criterion too ! 

31 Thought in the mine may come forth gold or dross ; 
When coined in word, we know its real worth : 

If sterling, store it for thy future use ; 

’T will buy thee benefit, perhaps renown. 


SEC. XXII. — EXTRACT FROM MILTON’S PARADISE LOST 

1 Now when fair morn orient in heaven appeared, 

Up rose the victor angels, and to arms 

The matin trumpet sung : in arms they stood 
Of golden panoply, refulgent host, 

Soon banded; others from the dawning hills 
Looked round, and scouts each coast light-armed scour, 
Each quarter, to descry the distant foe, 

Where lodged, or whither fled, or if for fight, 

In motion or in halt : him soon they met 
Under spread ensigns moving nigh, in slow 
But firm battalion ; back with speediest sail 
Zophiel, of cherubim the swiftest wing, 

Came flying, and in mid air aloud thus cried : 

2 “ Arm, warriors, arm for fight ; the foe at hand, 
Whom fled we thought, will save us long pursuit 

8 * 


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CLASS BOOK OF PARSING. 


This day ; fear not his flight ; so thick a cloud 
He comes, and settled in his face I see 
Sad resolution and secure; let each 
His adamantine coat gird well, and each 
Fit well his helm, gripe fast his orbed shield, 
Borne even or high ; for this day will pour down. 
If I conjecture aught, no drizzling shower, 

But rattling storm of arrows barbed with fire.” 

3 So warned he them, aware themselves, and soon 
In order, quit of all impediment; 

Instant without disturb they took alarm, 

And onward moved embattled ; when behold ! 

Not distant far with heavy pace the foe 
Approaching, gross and huge, in hollow cube 
Training his devilish enginery, impaled 
On every side with shadowing squadrons deep, 

4 To hide the fraud. At interview both stood 
Awhile ; but suddenly at head appeared 
Satan, and thus was heard commanding loud : 

5 “ Vanguard, to right and left the front unfold, 
That all may see who hate us, how we seek 
Peace and composure, and with open breast 
Stand ready to receive them, if they like 

Our overture, and turn not back perverse : 

But that I doubt ; however, witness, heaven ! 
Heaven, witness thou anon, while we discharge 
Freely our part : ye who appointed stand, 

Do as you have in charge, and briefly touch 
What we propound, and loud that all may hear.” 

6 So scoffing in ambiguous words, he scarce 
Had ended, when to right and left the front 


CHOICE SELECTIONS FOR PARSING. 91 

Divided, and to either flank retired ; 

Which to our eyes discovered, new and strange, 

A triple mounted row of pillars laid 
On wheels (for like to pillars most they seemed, 

Or hollowed bodies made of oak or fir, 

With branches lopt, in wood or mountain felled) 

Brass, iron, stony mould, had not their mouths 
With hideous orifice gaped on us wide, 

Portending hollow truce ; at each behind 
A seraph stood, and in his hand a reed 
Stood waving tipt with fire : while we, suspense, 
Collected stood within our thoughts amused ; 

Not long, for sudden all at once their reeds 
Put forth, and to a narrow vent applied 

7 With nicest touch. Immediate in a flame, 

But soon obscured with smoke, all heaven appeared, 
From those deep-throated engines belched, whose roar 
Emboweled with outrageous noise the air, 

And all her entrails tore, disgorging foul 
Their devilish glut, chained thunderbolts and hail 
Of iron globes ; which on the victor host 
Leveled, with such impetuous fury smote, 

That whom they hit, none on their feet might stand, 

Though standing else as rocks, but down they fell 

By thousands, angel on archangel rolled 

The sooner for their arms ; unarmed they might 

Have easily as spirits evaded swift 

By quick contraction or remove ; but now 

Foul dissipation followed and forced rout ; 

Nor served it to relax their serried files. 

8 What should they do ? if on they rushed, repulse 
Repeated, and indecent overthrow 

Doubled, would render them yet more despised, 


92 CLASS BOOK OF PARSING. 

And to their foes a laughter ; for in view 
Stood ranked of seraphim another row, 

In posture to displode their second tire 
Of thunder ; back defeated to return 
9 They worse abhorred. Satan beheld their plight, 

And to his mates thus in derision called : 

10 “ 0 friends ! why come not on these victors proud ? 

11 Erewhile they fierce were coming ; and when we 
To entertain them fair with open front 

And breast, (what could we more ?) propounded terms 
Of composition, straight they changed their minds, 
Flew off, and into strange vagaries fell, 

As they would dance ; yet for a dance they seemed 
Somewhat extravagant and wild, perhaps 
For joy of offered peace : but I suppose 
If our proposals once again were heard, 

We should compel them to a quick result.” 

12 To whom thus Belial, in like gamesome mood : 

13 “ Leader ! the terms we set were terms of weight, 

Of hard contents, and full of force urged home, 

Such as we might perceive amused them all, 

And stumbled many ; who receives them right, 

Had need from head to foot well understand ; 

Not understood, this gift they have beside, 

They show us when our foes walk not upright.” 

14 So they among themselves in pleasant vein 
Stood scoffing, heightened in their thoughts beyond 
All doubt of victory; Eternal Might 

To match with their inventions they presumed 
So easy, and of his thunder made a scorn, 

And all his host derided, while they stood 


CHOICE SELECTIONS FOR PARSING 93 

Awhile in trouble : but they stood not long ; 

Eage prompted them at length, and found them arms 
Against such hellish mischief fit t’ oppose. 

15 Forthwith (behold the excellence, the power, 

Which God hath in his mighty angels placed) 

Their arms away they threw, and to the hills 
(For earth hath this variety from heaven 

Of pleasure situate in hill and dale) 

Light as the lightning glimpse they ran, they flew : 

From their foundations loosening to and fro 
They plucked the seated hills with all their load, 

Eocks, waters, woods, and by the shaggy tops 

16 Uplifting bore them in their hands. Amaze, 

Be sure, and terror seized the rebel host, 

When coming towards them so dread they saw 
The bottom of the mountains upward turned, 

Till on those cursed engines’ triple-row 

They saw them whelmed, and all their confidence 
Under the weight of mountains buried deep ; 

Themselves invaded next, and on their heads 
Main promontories flung, which in the air 
Came shadowing, and oppressed whole legions armed : 
Their armor helped their harm, crushed in and bruised 
Into their substance pent, which wrought them pain 
Implacable, and many a dolorous groan, 

Long struggling underneath, ere they could wind 
Out of such prison, though spirits of purest light, 

Purest at first, now gross by sinning grown. 

17 The rest, in imitation, to like arms 
Betook them, and the neighboring hills uptore : 

So hills amid the air encountered hills, 

Hurled to and fro with jaculation dire, 

That underground they fought in dismal shade; 


94 CLASS BOOK OF PARSING. 

Infernal noise ; war seemed a civil game 
To this uproar ; horrid confusion heaped 

18 Upon confusion rose. And now all heaven 
Had gone to wreck, with ruin overspread, 

Had not th’ almighty Father, where he sits 
Shrined in his sanctuary of heaven secure, 

Consulting on the sum of things, foreseen 
This tumult, and permitted all, advised ; 

That his great purpose he might so fulfil, 

To honor his anointed Son avenged 
Upon his enemies, and to declare 

All power on him transferred ; whence to his Son 
Th’ assessor of his throne, he thus began : 

19 “ Effulgence of my glory, Son beloved ; 

Son, in whose face invisible is beheld, 

Visibly, what by Deity I am, 

And in whose hand what by decree I do ! 

Second Omnipotence ; two days are past, 

Two days, as we compute the days of heaven, 

Since Michael and his powers went forth to tame 
These disobedient ; sore hath been their fight, 

As likeliest was, when two such foes met armed ; 

For to themselves I left them, and thou knowest, 
Equal in their creation they were formed, 

Save what sin hath impaired ; which yet hath wrought 
Insensibly, for I suspend their doom ; 

Whence in perpetual fight they needs must last 
Endless, and no solution will be found. 

20 War wearied hath performed what war can do, 

And to disordered rage let loose the reins, 

With mountains as with weapons armed, which makes 
Wild work in heaven, and dangerous to the main. 


CHOICE SELECTIONS FOR PARSING. 95 

21 Two days are therefore passed ; the third is thine ; 

F or thee I have ordained it, and thus far 

Have suffered, that the glory may be thine 
Of ending this great war, since none but thou 

22 Can end it. Into thee such virtue and grace 
Immense I have transfused, that all may know 
In heaven and hell thy power above compare ; 

And this perverse commotion governed thus, 

To manifest thee worthiest to be Heir 

Of all things ; to be Heir, and to be King 
By sacred unction, thy deserved right. 

23 Go then, thou Mightiest, in thy Father’s might, 

Ascend my chariot, guide the rapid wheels 

That shake heaven’s basis, bring forth all my war, 

My bow and thunder, my almighty arms 
Gird on, and sword upon thy puissant thigh ; 

Pursue these sons of darkness, drive them out 
From all heaven’s bounds into the utter deep : 

There let them learn, as likes them, to despise 
God, and Messiah his anointed King.” 

24 He said, and on his Son with rays direct 
Shone full ; he all his Father full expressed 
Ineffably into his face received; 

And thus the Filial Godhead answering spake : 

25 “ 0 Father, 0 supreme of heavenly thrones, 

First, highest, holiest, best ! thou always seek’st 
To glorify thy Son, I always Thee, 

As is most just ; this .1 my glory account, 

My exaltation, and my whole delight, 

That thou in me, well pleased, declarest thy will 
Fulfilled, which to fulfil is all my bliss. 


96 * CLASS BOOK OF PARSING. 

26 Sceptre and power, thy giving, I assume, 

And gladlier shall resign, when in the end 
Thou shalt he all in all, and I in thee 
Forever, and in me all whom thou lovest : 

But whom thou hatest I hate, and can put on 
Thy terrors, as I put thy mildness on, 

Image of thee in all things ; and shall soon, 

Armed with thy might, rid heaven of these rebelled, 

To their prepared ill mansion driven down, 

To chains of darkness, and th’ undying worm, 

That from thy just obedience could revolt, 

Whom to obey is happiness entire. 

27 Then shall thy saints unmixed, and from th* impure 
Far separate, circling thy holy mount, 

Unfeigned hallelujahs to thee sing. 

28 So said, he, o’er his sceptre bowing, rose 
From the right hand of glory where he sat ; 

And the third sacred morn began to shine, 

Dawning through heaven: forth rushed with whirlwind 
sound 

The chariot of Paternal Deity, 

Flashing thick flames, wheel within wheel undrawn, 
Itself instinct with spirit, but conveyed 
By four cherubic shapes ; four faces each 
Had wondrous ; as with stars, their bodies all 
And wings were set with eyes ; with eyes the wheels 
Of beryl, and careering fires between ; 

Over their heads a crystal firmament, 

Whereon a sapphire throne inlaid with pure 
Amber, and colors of the showery arch. 

29 He, in celestial panoply all armed 

Of radiant Urim, work divinely wrought, 


CHOICE SELECTIONS FOR PARSING. 97 

Ascended ; at his right hand victory 
Sat eagle-winged ; beside him hung his bow 
And quiver with three-bolted thunder stored, 

And from about him fierce effusion rolled 
Of smoke and bickering flame and sparkles dire : 
Attended with ten thousand thousand saints 
He onward came ; far off his coming shone ; 

And twenty thousand (I their number heard) 

Chariots of God, half on each hand, were seen : 

He on the wings of cherub rode sublime 
On the crystalline sky, in sapphire throned, 

Illustrious far and wide, but by his own 
First seen ; them unexpected joy surprised, 

When the great ensign of Messiah blazed 
Aloft by angels borne, his sign in heaven ; 

Under whose conduct Michael soon reduced 
His army, circumfused on either wing, 

Under their head embodied all in one. 

30 Before him power divine his way prepared : 

At his command th’ uprooted hills retired 

Each to his place ; they heard his voice and went 
Obsequious ; heaven his wonted face renewed, 

And with fresh flowerets hill and valley smiled. 

31 This saw his hapless foes, but stood obdured, 

And to rebellious fight rallied their powers 
Insensate, hope conceiving from despair. 

32 In heavenly spirits could such perverseness dwell, 

But to convince the proud what signs avail, 

Or wonders move th’ obdurate to relent ? 

33 They, hardened more by what might most reclaim, 
Grieving to see his glory, at the sight 

Took envy ; and, aspiring to his height, 

Stood, re-embattled fierce, by force or fraud 

9 


98 


CLASS BOOK OF PARSING. 


Weening to prosper and at length prevail 
Against God and Messiah, or to fall 
In universal ruin last; and now 
To final battle drew, disdaining flight, 

Or faint retreat ; when the great Son of God 
To all his host on either hand thus spake : 

34 “ Stand still in bright array, ye saints ! here stand, 

35 Ye angels armed, this day from battle rest ; 

Faithful hath been your warfare, and of God 
Accepted, fearless in his righteous cause ; 

And as ye have received, so have ye done 
Invincibly; but of this cursed crew 

The punishment to other hand belongs ; 

Vengeance is his, or whose he sole appoints : 

Number to this day’s work is not ordained, 

Nor multitude ; stand only, and behold 
God’s indignation on these godless poured 
By me ; not you, but me, they have despised, 

Yet envied ; against me is all their rage, 

Because the Father, to whom in heaven supreme 
Kingdom, and power, and glory appertains, 

Hath honored me according to his will. 

36 Therefore to me their doom he hath assigned ; 

That they may have their wish, to try with me 
In battle which the stronger proves ; they all, 

Or I alone against them, since by strength 
They measure all, of other excellence 

Not emulous, nor care who them excels ; 

Nor other strife with them do I vouchsafe.” 

37 So spake the Son, and into terror changed 
His countenance, too severe to be beheld, 

And full of wrath bent on his enemies. 


CHOICE SELECTIONS FOR PARSING. 99 


88 At once the Four spread out their starry wings 
With dreadful shade contiguous, and the orbs 
Of his fierce chariot rolled as with the sound 
Of torrent floods, or of a numerous host. 

89 He on his impious foes right onward drove, 

Gloomy as night ; under his burning wheels 
The steadfast empyrean shook throughout, 

40 All but the throne itself of God. Full soon 
Among them he arrived, in his right hand 
Grasping ten thousand thunders, which he sent 
Before him, such as in their souls infixed 
Plagues ; they, astonished, all resistance lost, 

All courage ; down their idle weapons dropped. 

41 O’er shields, and helms, and helmed heads he rode 
Of thrones and mighty seraphim prostrate, 

That wished the mountains now might be again 
Thrown on them, as a shelter from his ire. 

42 Nor less on either side tempestuous fell 
His arrows, from the four-fold visaged Four 
Distinct with eyes ; and from the living wheels 
Distinct alike with multitude of eyes ; 

One spirit in them ruled, and every eye 
Glared lightning, and shot forth pernicious fire 
Among the accursed, that withered all their strength, 
And of their wonted vigor left them drained, 
Exhausted, spiritless, afflicted, fallen. 

48 Yet half his strength he put not forth, but checked 
His thunder in mid volley : for he meant 
Not to destroy, but root them out of heaven : 

The overthrown he raised, and, as a herd 
Of goats or timorous flock together thronged 
Drove them before him thunder-struck, pursued 
With terrors, and with furies, to the bounds 


100 CLASS BOOK OF PARSING. 

And crystal wall of heaven, which, opening wide, 
Rolled inward, and a spacious gap disclosed 
Into the wasteful deep ; the monstrous sight 
Struck them with horror backward, but far worse 
Urged them behind ; headlong themselves they threw 
Down from the verge of heaven ; eternal wrath 
Burned after them to the bottomless pit. 

44 Hell heard the unsufferable noise, hell saw 
Heaven running from heaven, and would have fled 
Affrighted ; but strict Fate had cast too deep 
Her dark foundations, and too fast had bound. 

45 Nine days they fell ; confounded Chaos roared, 

And felt tenfold confusion in their fall 
Through his wild anarchy, so huge a rout 
Encumbered him with ruin : hell at last 
Yawning received them whole, and on them closed : 
Hell, their fit habitation, fraught with fire 
Unquenchable, the house of woe and pain. 

46 Disburdened heaven rejoiced, and soon repaired 
Her mural breach, returning whence it rolled. 

47 Sole victor, from th’ expulsion of his foes, 

Messiah his triumphal chariot turned : 

To meet him all his saints, who silent stood 
Eye-witnesses of his almighty acts, 

With jubilee advanced ; and, as they went, 

Shaded with branching palm, each order bright, y 
Sung triumph, and him sung victorious King, 

Son, Heir, and Lord ! to him dominion given, 
Worthiest to reign : he, celebrated, rode 
Triumphant through mid heaven, into the courts 
And temple of his mighty Father throned 
On high; who into glory him received, 

Where now he sits at the right hand of bliss. 


NOTES. 


Words which are supplied are enclosed in parentheses. The dash 
supplies the place of words or clauses found in the text, but here omitted. 

Sec. I. 

1. Of all of which the mystic talisman — has made him the lord. Natural 

order : — the mystic talisman — has made him the lord of all of which. 
Lord is in apposition with him. 

2. Though (it is a talisman) of far more potent command than the one of 

oriental fable (is). 

4. More precious than countless gold (is), or priceless gems (are). 

5. He has but to desire =. he has (to do nothing) but (= except or excepting') 

to desire. But , in the sense of excepting , may be considered a partici- 
ple belonging to we understood. He has to do nothing , we excepting that 
he has to desire , that is, if we except that he has to desire. The word may, 
however, be marked as an adverb qualifying to desire. 

Sec. II. 

1. Scenes is governed by of. 

2. (It is a) strange (thing), there should be found (those persons) who, &c. 

There is a mere expletive, without signification. It is often thus used 
when the subject follows the verb. 

3. Lovely (are) the — works — , but Nature’s works (are) far lovelier. 

Sec. III. 

1. Insect is in the nominative case independent, and what may be parsed as 

an adjective pronoun belonging to thing understood. (u /7/ ) 

2. Fed is a perfect participle belonging to thee, and wine is in apposition with 

nourishment. — Nature herself is thy Ganymede. Self or herself is in 
apposition with Nature , and Ganymede is in the nominative case 
after is. 

3. King (is). 

4. Farmer (is' ho and landlord (art) thou! 

9 * 


( 101 ) 


102 


NOTES 


Sec. IV. 

1. Sunday is governed by on understood. 

3. Least is an adjective in the superlative degree, belonging to motive under- 
stood. 

8. (For) or (at) a thousand (of) times. A belongs to thousand , used as a 
noun. 

10. There is expletive. — Which made — (to) run cold, and — (to) shiver. 

11. (Of) his trial, (of) his ascent, &c. 

15. The scene appeared to be — acting. Verbs of the progressive form have 
sometimes a passive signification ; as, “ The money was paying down.” 
—Ainsworth. “ My Lives are reprinting.” — Dr. Johnson. (See Goold 
Brown’s Grammar of English Grammars, pp. 360-362.) 

17. Utterance is in the case absolute. 

22. But Jesus Christ (died) like a God. 

Sec. V. 

1. How still (is) the morning. 

3. Tester-morn is an adverb. — Flowers — waving. 

4. Hum, trickling, and bleating , are in apposition with sounds. 

6. Comes to him a mellower note. — Sweeter = more sweetly. 

8. Foe is in apposition with man. 

10. Man enjoys the day. 

11. See explanation of Ex. 2, Lesson 35. 

12. The ground (being) both seat and board. Ground is in the nominative 
case absolute. — Screened belongs to man, and imbosomed to he in the 
next line. — Of giving thanks to God — not thanks of form, a word and a 
grimace. The second word thanks is in apposition with the first, and 
word and grimace with the second. — Reverently qualifies giving. 

Sec. VI. 

2. Mother is in the case absolute. — The second word gift is in apposition 

with the first. — What (thing) else. Else is an adjective belonging to 
thing. As such it always follows its noun. 

3. Francesco Doria, a complex noun, in apposition with son. 

4. Her pranks (being) the favorite theme, &c. — Lady is in apposition with 

nurse. 

Sec. VII. 

1. Prey is in apposition with tribes. 

3. Behold (to) stand, and (to) smite. 


NOTES. 


103 


4. Look'd is used transitively, and governs prayer. — Emblem in the last line 

is in apposition with the sentence, the sunbeams play, &c. “A noun is 
sometimes put, as it were, in apposition to a whole sentence, being 
used (perhaps elliptically) to sum up the whole idea in one emphatic 
word, or short phrase. But, in such instances, the noun can seldom 
be said to have any positive relation that may determine its case.” — 
Goold Brown’s Grammar of English Grammars, p. 480. 

Sec. VIII. 

r " • , -• '• 

1. Men is in the case independent. 

3. Where you stood (at) fifty years ago, (at) this very hour, — shoulder (be- 
ing placed) to shoulder. Ago (== agone, gone, or past) is an old parti- 
ciple used in the sense of an adjective, belonging to years. (See 
Goold Brown, pp. 405, 511, and 615.) 

5. Prescott , Putnam, &c., are in the case independent. — In (a) vain (man- 

ner.) 

6. Let us not (io) grieve. — You lived, at (the) least (measure). 

8. You saw (to) arise. — Like is an adjective belonging to light in the same 

line. — Morn is governed by unto understood. 

9. But — ah! — (let us rather grieve for) him! the first great martyr, &c. — 

Whom nothing brought hither, but (= excepting) the unquenchable fire 
of his own spirit. (See Note 5, Sec. I.) 

Sec. IX. 

Let me (to) share. — Lord is in apposition with Independence. 

Sec. X. 

1. What is an adjective pronoun. What (thing). 

2. (Heard I or did I hear) a ringing shriek? 

4. Tones is in the case independent. 

6. Woman’s (voice was there). 

6. To hear, and (to) know, are infinitives, used as nouns, in apposition 
with it. 

7. Alvar and Theresa are in the case independent. 

8. God’s breath (is strong). 

15. Wept is, by poetic license, used transitively. 

17. (Art) thou denied a grave ! Here the indirect object is made the subject 
of the verb in the passive voice. This mode of construction is generally 
condemned. (See Goold Brown’s Grammar, pp. 497-500.) It should 
be: — Is a grave denied (to) thee! 

20. (If) all earth had decreed, &c. 


104 


NOTES. 


1 . 


2 . 


3. 


Sec. XI. 

Darest (to) offend. 

What is equivalent to the adjective pronoun that and the relative which. 
Mulct is in apposition with ./foe. — (If) eternal wisdom had not found — and 
— supplied. 

Sec. XII. 


Bow and buskins are in the case absolute. — Call is in apposition with air. 


Sec. XIII. 


1. (Am I) to be (after death), or (am I) not to be ? 

2. That is the question; (namely,) whether ’tis nobler to suffer — or (to) 

take up arms, &c. 

3. To die (is) to sleep. 

4. (Is to die) no more (than to sleep) ? — That is a relative pronoun agreeing 

with shocks, and governed by to. 

6. To die (is) to sleep ; (but if it is) to sleep ! (then) perchance (it is also) 

to dream ! 

7. What dreams = those dreams which. 

8. There ’s the respect = there is the respect. There is an adverb qualify- 

ing is. — Makes us rather (to) bear. 

Sec. XV. 

1. All the infinitives depend on should be left. — What, in the last line, is 

equivalent to - that which. The antecedent is governed by to love, (to) 
cherish, and (to) bless; and the relative by rends. 

2. Bid — (to) perish, and see — (to) die. 

5. To leave it a wreck. Wreck is in apposition with it. 

6. He walks forth a lord. Lord is in apposition with he. — To-morrow be- 

holds him a part of its clay. Part is in apposition with him. 


Sec. XVI. 

1. As what they — might see = as (on) things which they — might see. — 
Foot, point, and eye, are in the case absolute. 

4. (For) three times. 

6. Yield (thou) thee = yield (thou) thyself. 

7. Let (the) recreant (to) yield who fears, &o. 

10. Gael and Fitz-James are in the case absolute, with being understood. 

Sec. XVII. 

2. (I speak not) for wonder. 

3. (You speak not for) wonder? 


NOTES 


105 


4. Man is in the nominative case after seem , or after to be understood. 

6. (Thou shouldst seem) a monster ! 

8. Methinks is an impersonal verb, equivalent to I think or it seems to me. 
10. Show (thou to) me the link — , which, (if) it could speak, would not 

give, &c. 

18. Can it (do) more than (to) kill? 

19. (It is) enough. 

21. Make (to) writhe. 

22. It may (make me to writhe). 

23. And (it can make thee to) groan- 
26. (I come) from the mountains. 

28. Canst (thou) tell (to) me any (news) ? 

34. Thank heaven it is not thou (that comest unawares upon them, or that 
findest them in thy track). 

37. As (though) they were things (which) a plague had smitten. 

38. There is not a blessing (which) Heaven vouchsafes (to) them. — Thought 
— doth wither (it) to a curse, as something (which) they must lose. 
Something is in apposition with it understood. 

Sec. XYIII. 

2. As — friendship (is). Blush , tear, and majesty, are also in the nominative 
case to is understood. 

, - > ' . . -n i * ' • . 

Sec. XIX. 

2. Wretch is in apposition with son, and journey is in the case absolute. 

9. News is in the objective case after with understood. 

10. Load is in apposition with charge. — (To) pass on. 

11. Wretch and messenger are in apposition with he. 

12. Periods is the subject of jlowed understood. — Affect agrees with houses , 
fall, births, deaths, marriages, and epistles. 

13. King is in apposition with thee. 

14. Wreath is in apposition with buds, leaves, sprigs, and tendrils. 

16. The volume (being) closed. 

17. (It is) a Roman meal. Feast, radish, and egg, are in apposition with 
meal. 

18. Frenzy is in apposition with religion; intruder, with God; and note, with 
praise. 

Sec. XX. 

1. Whatever = any thing which. 

2. One single (movement). 

3. Ox (shall know). 


106 


NOTES. 


4. Heaven (is). — Knowledge (is) measured. — Time (is). — Space (is) a 
point. * 

6. If (he is) to be perfect, what matter (is it) whether (it be) soon or 
late, &c. 

6. The (person) “blest to-day, is as completely so as (he is) who began (at) 
a thousand (of) years ago. 

7. (If) we were to press. 

12. Cease (thou), nor name (thou) order imperfection ; that is, do not call 
order imperfection. 

16. What (= that which) nothing — gives. Sunshine and joy are in apposi- 
tion with that. — Better (prize). 

20. As toys and empires (are). 

24. Lover and love are in apposition with mind. 

26. (It is) a fancied life. 

27. You have just what you hear. 

28. An Eugene living (is) as much a shade, as a Caesar dead (is). — Or 
(== whether) on the Rubicon, or on the Rhine. 

80. Fame can save (from nothing) but (= excepting) from death. 

Sec. XXI. 

6. Slumbers ethereal fire = does ethereal fire slumber ? 

8. Embryo is in apposition with he. 

18. Perhaps and peradventure are nouns. — As (though) we could out-spin. 
This verb is in the potential mood, used subjunctively. 

30. (If) thought had been all, sweet speech had been (= would have been) 
denied. 

( Sec. XXII. _ 

1. Host is in apposition with they in the preceding verse. — Light-armed is 
an adjective belonging to scouts . — Where (he maybe) lodged, or whither 

t (he may have) fled, or if (he be) in motion or in halt. — Wing, by 
synecdoche, a part for the whole, (== winged cherub,) is in apposition 
with Zophiel. — Cherubim is in the plural number. 

2. Arm (ye). — The foe, (being) at hand, whom fled we thought, will save 
us (from) long pursuit (on) this day. Fled, although derived from an 
intransitive verb, seems to be used as a perfect participle, in an active 
sense. Such anomalous constructions are not unfrequent in poetry, 
and are instances of what is called “poetic license.” (See Goold 
Brown, p. 395.) — Cloud is in apposition with he immediately following. 
— Let each (warrior to) gird, and — each (to) fit,— (to) gripe. 

3. Themselves is in apposition with them, and aware and girt belong to them- 
selves. — Training = dragging along. — Enginery impaled. 


NOTES. 


107 


4. Awhile is an adverb qualifying stood. 

5. That all who hate us may see. — Touch what (=that which) we pro- 
pound. 

6. Which , the first word of the fourth verse, has for its antecedent the 
preceding sentence — to right and left the front divided, and to either 
flank retired. — Which — discovered — a row of pillars, &c. This passage 
seems quite elliptical, and the words necessary to convey its full import 
may very naturally be supplied as follows : — Which to our eyes disco-, 
vered, new and strange, a triple mounted row of pillars, laid on wheels, 
(i say pillars,* for like to pillars most they seemed, or hollowed bodies 
made of oak or fir, with branches lopt, in wood or mountain felled) of 
brass, of iron, of stony mould, and we would certainly have taken them to 
be mere pillars , had not their mouths with hideous orifice gaped on us 
wide, &c. — At each a seraph stood behind, and stood waving in his 
hand a reed tipt with fire ; while we, suspense, stood, &c. Suspense, 
signifying held from proceeding, is an adjective belonging to we.— Not 
long we stood, for suddenly all put forth, and to a narrow vent applied 
their reeds, &c. 

7. Immediately all heaven appeared in a flame, belched from — engines, 
whose roar emboweled — the air, and tore all her entrails. — Thunder- 
bolts and hail are in apposition with glut. — That none whom they hit 
might stand. — Unarmed they as spirits might have swiftly evaded, &c. 
— Standing else as rocks (stand). Else is an adverb qualifying stand- 
ing . — Fell the sooner. The is here used to mark the degree more 
strongly, and might, perhaps, be considered an adverb. (See Goold 
Brown, p. 465.) The sooner may, however, be parsed as an adverbial 
phrase, qualifying fell. — They, — as spirits. Spirits is in apposition 
with they. 

8. Repulse — , and — overthrow — , would render them — a laughter. Laugh- 
ter is in apposition with them. — Another row of seraphim stood. — They 
worse abhorred to return back defeated. 

11. What more could we (do) ? — As (though) they would dance. The poten- 
tial is here used subjunctively. 

12. To whom thus Belial (said). 

13. (He) who receives them right, had need (to) understand. — They, not 
(being) understood, — show us, &c. 

14. They presumed it so easy to match Eternal Might. — Found (for) them 
arms. 

15. For earth hath from heaven this variety of pleasure situate, &c. — They 


* In this explanation, the supplied words are italicised. 


108 


NOTES. 


ran light (= lightly or swiftly ) as the lightning glimpse (runs.) — Rocks , 
waters, and woods , are in apposition with load. 

16. They saw themselves invaded next, and saw promontories flung on their 
heads. — Their armor, crushed in, and bruised into their pent substance, 
helped their harm. — Wrought (for) them. 

17. (They made) infernal noise. 

18. All heaven had gone (= would have gone) to wreck — if the Almighty 
Father had not foreseen, &c. 

19. In whose face is beheld, &c. = in whose face that which I am is beheld 
visibly. Which is in the nominative case after am. — These disobedient 
spirits. — As likeliest was = as it was likeliest to be. Likeliest is an 
adjective qualifying it understood — Save (= excepting) what (= that 
which) sin hath impaired. 

21. None can end it but (= excepting) Thou (canst end it). 

22. Commotion is in the case absolute. 

23. As likes them = as it pleases them. 

24. He received all his Father full expressed. 

25. I always (seek to glorify) thee, as (it) is most just. 

26. Giving seems to be used as a noun, equivalent to gift , and as such may 
be parsed as in apposition with sceptre and power . — And in me all whom 
thou lovest (shall be). — Image is in apposition with / in the preceding 
line. — These rebelled spirits that could revolt from my just obedience. 

28. Wheel (being) undrawn within wheel. — Itself is in apposition with 
chariot. — Their bodies all (== their whole bodies), and wings were set 
with eyes. — With eyes the wheels of beryl (were set), and careering 
fires (were) between. Over their heads (there was) a crystal firmament, 
whereon (there was) a sapphire throne. 

29. Work is in apposition with panoply. — Eagle-winged victory. — Ensign 
borne aloft by angels* — Sign is in apposition with ensign . — Whose agrees 
with Messiah. 

34. Ye is in the case independent, and saints is in apposition with ye. 

35. (Hath been) accepted. — Vengeance is his (own), or (his) whose (ven- 
geance) he appoints {it to be). 

47. Sing him — King, Son, Heir, and Lord. The italicised words are in ap- 
position with him. 


THE END. 




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